Far left, like far right, means adhering to ALL ideas of one side of the political spectrum. Simple as that. The political spectrum is broken down into 3 relevant parts.
1) Society at large (value of the individual)
2) Government power vs individual power (the role of the people vs the government)
3) Government ownership vs individual ownership (the control of the economy)
The simple questions can be asked for this to determine where you stand.
1) Do you believe all people are equal/same?
If you answer no to this then that is a right side political spectrum ideology. If your answer is yes or have to quibble on the answer then you are on the left side of the spectrum for society.
2) Do you believe people can make their own decisions?
If you believe a person is capable of self rule and doesn't need government to rule for them then that is a right side political stance. If you believe that government is good or has a place in society then that is a left side.
3) Do you believe in people owning personal property?
If you say yes then you are again on the right side. If you say no or have to quibble on this then you are on the left side.
Answer those questions honestly and add them up. I am right leaning personally. Here is my breakdown.
1) no (right side)
2) I quibble a bit here since I respect people's right to make their own decision but I see a greater need for government intervention with limits. (left side)
3) yes (right side)
As far as social wedge issues such as abortion, religion, or other crap those things are neither right side nor left side political stances. They are tools from each side to leverage for political gain. Nothing more and nothing less. Those are political "issues" because they can be used to effectively garner support to one side of the political spectrum versus the other.
Uh, your grasp of politics is child-like.
In response to your questions:
1: I'm going to ignore the "all people are the same" part of your question (because that was just dumb no matter which way you slice it) and focus on the latter part which I assume you meant to ask whether they should all be considered equal in the eyes of the law. In response to that question I'd bet that 99.99999% of people living in "Western" (at the very least) countries would answer yes (because they think that sounds morally right at face value), then many conservatives in particular would want to add a shitload of caveats. Are these people immigrants/Muslims/Jewish/non-hetero/non-cis, for example.
2: You thought this was a simple question? Are you nuts? It's probably divisible into a hundred questions each deserving their own topic and responders would display a drastic variation of stances regardless of whether they're "left" or "right". IMO the only purpose such a question might serve without any qualification would be to answer "are you an anarchist/naive libertarian or other".
Furthermore, I've never heard a conservative outside of the US who'd answer no to that question.
3: I've literally never met a person in my entire life who wasn't fine with the idea of personal property. Most of my friends lean left (as do I). I'm not sure I've even heard of a person who wasn't OK with it.