Take your time meathead
"1. a) A parasite is defined as an organism of one species living in or on an organism of another species (a heterospecific relationship) and deriving its nourishment from the host (is metabolically dependent on the host). (See Cheng, T.C., General Parasitology, p. 7, 1973.)"
wrong, i like i posted before:
"It is also possible for a symbiotic relationship to exist between two organisms of the same species."
http://www.answers.com/topic/symbiosis -- Gale's Science of Everyday Things.
just like a parasitic twin --- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parasitic_twin
"an animal or plant that lives in or on another (the host) from which it obtains nourishment. The host does not benefit from the association and is often harmed by it"
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/parasite
your site omitted symbiotic conspecific relationships, like parasitic twins and the woman/fetus relationship:
"Conspecificity is a concept in biology. Two or more individual organisms, populations, or taxa are conspecific if they belong to the same species.[1]
Where different species can interbreed and their gametes compete, the conspecific gametes take precedence over heterospecific gametes. This is known as conspecific sperm precedence or conspecific pollen precedence in plants."
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conspecificity
"This homospecific relationship is an obligatory dependent relationship, but not a parasitic relationship."
LOL! THAT SENTENCE RIGHT PROVES THE FETUS IS A PARASITE:
"obligate parasite (obligatory parasite) one that is entirely dependent upon a host for its survival."
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/parasite
"2. a) A parasite is an invading organism -- coming to parasitize the host from an outside source."
THE ZYGOTE IS A FOREIGN OBJECT.
b) A human embryo or fetus is formed from a fertilized egg -- the egg coming from an inside source, being formed in the ovary of the mother from where it moves into the oviduct where it may be fertilized to form the zygote -- the first cell of the new human being.
THE ZYGOTE IS A FOREIGN OBJECT BECAUSE IT CONTAINS HALF THE MAN'S DNA.
3. a) A parasite is generally harmful to some degree to the host that is harboring the parasite.
pregnancy CAUSES HARM: http://www.thelizlibrary.org/liz/004.htm
b) A human embryo or fetus developing in the uterine cavity does not usually cause harm to the mother, although it may if proper nutrition and care is not maintained by the mother.
YEAH, BESIDES WHAT IS IN THE LINK ABOVE.
4. a) A parasite makes direct contact with the host's tissues, often holding on by either mouth parts, hooks or suckers to the tissues involved (intestinal lining, lungs, connective tissue, etc.).
b) A human embryo or fetus makes direct contact with the uterine lining of the mother for only a short period of time. It soon becomes isolated inside its own amniotic sac, and from that point on makes indirect contact with the mother only by way of the umbilical cord and placenta.
WELL, THAT STUPID BECAUSE THE PLACENTA IS PART OF THE FETUS!
5. a) When a parasite invades host tissue, the host tissue will sometimes respond by forming a capsule (of connective tissue) to surround the parasite and cut it off from other surrounding tissue (examples would be Paragonimus westermani, lung fluke, or Oncocerca volvulus, a nematode worm causing cutaneous filariasis in the human).
b) When the human embryo or fetus attaches to and invades the lining tissue of the mother's uterus, the lining tissue responds by surrounding the human embryo and does not cut it off from the mother, but rather establishes a means of close contact (the placenta) between the mother and the new human being.
YOUR ARTICLE ADMITTED THAT THE FETUS INVADED!
I LIKE I SAID BEFORE:The placenta functions as an immunological barrier between the mother and the fetus, creating an immunologically privileged site. For this purpose, it uses several mechanisms:
It secretes Neurokinin B containing phosphocholine molecules. This is the same mechanism used by parasitic nematodes to avoid detection by the immune system of their host.[2]"
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immune_tolerance_in_pregnancy
" Due to its highly-negative charge, hCG may repel the immune cells of the mother, protecting the fetus during the first trimester. It has also been hypothesized that hCG may be a placental link for the development of local maternal immunotolerance."
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_chorionic_gonadotropin
6. a) When a parasite invades a host, the host will usually respond by forming antibodies in response to the somatic antigens (molecules comprising the body of the parasite) or metabolic antigens (molecules secreted or excreted by the parasite) of the parasite. Parasitism usually involves an immunological response on the part of the host. (See Cheng, T.C., General Parasitology, p. 8.)
b) New evidence, presented by Beer and Billingham in their article, "The Embryo as a Transplant" (Scientific American, April, 1974), indicates that the mother does react to the presence of the embryo by producing humoral antibodies,but they suggest that the trophoblast -- the jacket of cells surrounding the embryo -- blocks the action of these antibodies and therefore the embryo or fetus is not rejected. This reaction is unique to the embryo-mother relationship.
SO LIKE A PARASITE THE ZYGOTE, HAS MECHANISMS TO STOP IT FORM BEING KILLED, BECAUSE IT'S A FOREIGN OBJECT AND AN INVADER.
7. a) A parasite is generally detrimental to the reproductive capacity of the invaded host. The host may be weakened, diseased or killed by the parasite, thus reducing or eliminating the host's capacity to reproduce.
b) A human embryo or fetus is absolutely essential to the reproductive capacity of the involved mother (and species). The mother is usually not weakened, diseased or killed by the presence of the embryo or fetus, but rather is fully tolerant of this offspring which must begin his or her life in this intimate and highly specialized relationship with the mother.
WOW, THAT'S A COP-OUT, READ THE LINKS THAT I ALREADY POSTED. WTF, ARE THE RF-FACTORS PROBLEMS ABOUT?
http://pregnancy.about.com/od/rhfactor/a/Rh-Factor-in-Pregnancy.htm
8. a) A parasite is an organism that, once it invades the definitive host, will usually remain with host for life (as long as it or the host survives).
b) A human embryo or fetus has a temporary association with the mother, remaining only a number of months in the uterus.
parasite [par´ah-sīt] 1. a plant or animal that lives upon or within another living organism at whose expense it obtains some advantage; see also symbiosis. Parasites include multicelled and single-celled animals, fungi, and bacteria, and some authorities also include viruses.Those that feed upon human hosts can cause diseases ranging from the mildly annoying to the severe or even fatal. (See accompanying table.)
2. parasitic fetus.
adj., adj parasit´ic.accidental parasite one that parasitizes an organism other than the usual host.
facultative parasite one that may be parasitic upon another organism but can exist independently.
incidental parasite accidental parasite.
malarial parasite Plasmodium.
obligate parasite (obligatory parasite) one that is entirely dependent upon a host for its survival.
periodic parasite one that parasitizes a host for short periods.
temporary parasite one that lives free of its host during part of its life cycle.
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/parasite
pretty sure they will have to add the picture of a fetus. hehehehehe.
Facebook
Twitter