If it did mean well trained, seems constitutionally you could make people participate in regular certification to maintain the right. However, the comma structure reads to me such that "A well regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free state," is providing the reasoning. "the right of the people..." clause is the meat of it--essentially you wouldn't be able to maintain a well regulated militia without the peoples' right to arm. That said, it is inconsistent to provide additional justification when other amendments generally don't.
The arguments over the literally-interpreted _meaning_ of that text does my head in. My first thought is that the issue is, it just isn't very well written. At least to a layman and modern English speaker, it's not clear _what_ it means. At the
minimum there are just too many commas in that sentence. By the standards of contemporary English it's tough to work out how to parse it, because of those extraneous commas. It's just not a well-formed sentence.
"A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State
, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed." is just poor English. It's not a proper sentence, it's a list of sentence-fragments.
I mean, why not "Because a well-regulated militia is essential to the security of a free state, and because an armed populace familiar with the use of firearms are necessary to form such a militia,
therefore the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed"? (
If that was what was meant, why not say that?).
That aspect of the gun argument seems to me to say something about the nature of written constitutions. The meanings of words, and norms about sentence construction, change over time. One thought is, maybe if you are going to have a constitution you need to employ some special kind of formal logic notation? But, then again, even that could change in meaning.
Or you get the 'intentionalist' stuff, where you go back and pore over other things that were said or written by those who wrote it, and try and debate and analyse and with great effort and much arguing and gnashing of teeth decide what they 'really' meant. But that seems little different from having a religion, turning those guys into infallible prophets, and, frankly, it seems a bit mad, as a basis for deciding what to do _now_. Why does it matter precisely what was in the heads of people who died long ago and had no knowledge of the modern world?
So in the end, it makes me wonder what does a written constitution really bring to the party? It seems as if it just comes down to questions of who has power, in the here-and-now
, so how is that any different to if you didn't have a written constitution? Perhaps the same could be said about laws, but laws tend to be updated and modified with relative ease, not treated as Holy Writ. Constitutions seem to have more in common with religious texts, arguing over them seems similar to arguing over the meaning of the Koran or the Bible.