I screwed up bad thanks to a torque wrench that didn't click

Indus

Lifer
May 11, 2002
14,488
10,157
136
Love Harbor Freight Tools but their 1/2 inch Pittsburgh Torque Wrench is horrible. Never clicked once after I did a tire rotation myself and I snapped the stud.

Then took it over to the mechanic but apparently my car had an aftermarket wheel hub so I had to buy that replacement instead of a $15 stud.

$600 down the drain.. OUCH!

Any recommendations for a torque wrench that won't cause me a disaster like that next time?

And I'm trying to repair my car more and more myself so if anyone can recommend me good repair channels on Youtube for a Ford Explorer.. I'd be grateful!
 
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nakedfrog

No Lifer
Apr 3, 2001
61,047
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I've very, very rarely checked the torque when putting tires on in 20+ years and I've never managed to snap a stud (or had a wheel come off). Wonder if the aftermarket part was part of the problem (or if the lug nut was already adequately torqued before you put the torque wrench on).
 

iRONic

Diamond Member
Jan 28, 2006
7,994
3,317
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I’ve had 1 /4”, 3/8”, & 1/2” drive Snap-On torque wrenches for over 20 years. Once a year they had to be calibrated by a FAA certified repair station if I was using them on company aircraft.

I still use them I just don't get the calibration recertified.
 

Indus

Lifer
May 11, 2002
14,488
10,157
136
I've very, very rarely checked the torque when putting tires on in 20+ years and I've never managed to snap a stud (or had a wheel come off). Wonder if the aftermarket part was part of the problem (or if the lug nut was already adequately torqued before you put the torque wrench on).

Probably.. the lugnuts were rusting and I bought a new set of lugnuts for all the wheels. After I got them off and did the rotation.. I was just putting the lugnuts back on.

This wheel was the first one I tried to tighten.. did one star pattern and then was trying to redo it and it cracked..

The other 3 wheels.. I used an impact driver to tighten.. (yes I know people say never tighten with an impact, but I figured the driver is a lot weaker than an impact wrench and roughly the same tension required - 100 foot lbs).
 

RLGL

Platinum Member
Jan 8, 2013
2,113
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he other 3 wheels.. I used an impact driver to tighten.. (yes I know people say never tighten with an impact, but I figured the driver is a lot weaker than an impact wrench and roughly the same tension required - 100 foot lbs).
I hope you used anti-seize on the studs.
 

WilliamM2

Platinum Member
Jun 14, 2012
2,829
800
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I hope you used anti-seize on the studs.
There's quite the debate on that. Some claims it will cause torque values to read lower than they are, causing stretching, or breaking of the stud.

I do use a dab of grease. Doesn't really matter when the tire place uses an impact wrench and torques it to 150lbs!

Had to take one of my wife's wheels off (brake shield rusting off) about a month after she had new tires installed. Had to use a 4 foot pipe on the breaker bar to break a couple of the studs free. They are only supposed to be 76 ft. lbs. on a Camry.
 
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yottabit

Golden Member
Jun 5, 2008
1,588
675
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I like Tekton wrenches. I don’t bother on lug nuts though. And in any case you should work on calibrating your “inner torque wrench” - not hearing a click is one of my worst fears so I usually try to estimate the amount of force I’m applying times the length of the bar (like ~50 lbf on an 18” (1.5 ft) bar for ~75 lbf-ft) - you’ll know if you’re way off at least. If you know roughly what the difference between 5, 10, and 20 lbf feels like you and what 6 inches, a foot, and a foot and a half looks like you can get approximate torque monitoring for free 😂
 
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Hans Gruber

Platinum Member
Dec 23, 2006
2,496
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I have the 1/2" Harbor Freight torque wrench. It's an excellent piece of equipment. I have never once checked the torque when I tighten snow tires. To break a lug nut/bolt. You would have to do some serious tightening. Have you ever used a torque wrench before? Did you practice with it using low torque settings to understand how it works?
 

Paperdoc

Platinum Member
Aug 17, 2006
2,438
344
126
It takes a VERY large torque to snap a GOOD stud bolt. The fact you were able to snap it suggests strongly that the BOLT was faulty. In fact, since it snapped without a click from the torque wrench, it MAY have snapped at LESS that the torque you were trying to achieve. Your post says you did NOT use that wrench on the other wheels, so you do not have info on whether it would have clicked properly on good bolts.

I'm fussy about tire changes, so I have some routines when I do rotations - like this fall switching to winter tires on separate rims. I use a wire brush to clean off loose dirt and rust on contact surfaces of the rim and brake rotor. I use a tap to clean the threads of the nuts, and a die to clean the threads of the stud bolts, then use a small amount of anti-seize lube on the bolt threads to ensure the nut turns on smoothly and I can rely on the torque reading NOT be influenced by dirt or excess friction. It happens I have a less expensive torque wrench from years ago - the old beam type with a gauge and pointer - so I get a reading, not a Yes-or-No click.
 
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repoman0

Diamond Member
Jun 17, 2010
5,092
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What in the world. Please do NOT use anti-seize on your lug bolt threads. A very small amount is okay on the conical part of the bolt that mates to the wheel seat. Here’s more info than you probably want to know from people who use their cars on a race track, where stud and bolt failures can and do occur if the wheel isn’t mounted properly.

 

Indus

Lifer
May 11, 2002
14,488
10,157
136
I've very, very rarely checked the torque when putting tires on in 20+ years and I've never managed to snap a stud (or had a wheel come off). Wonder if the aftermarket part was part of the problem (or if the lug nut was already adequately torqued before you put the torque wrench on).

I drove about 40 miles today with the new wheel hub. Seems that it's making way less noise to what I considered normal. Also braking seems to be improved even though I didn't change the brake pads.

And yes it's possible since I used new ford explorer replacement lugnuts to replace older rusted lugnuts.. the aftermarket stud was looser and never really allowed the lugnut to be tightened with proper resistance.
 
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Jimminy

Senior member
May 19, 2020
445
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It takes a VERY large torque to snap a GOOD stud bolt. The fact you were able to snap it suggests strongly that the BOLT was faulty. In fact, since it snapped without a click from the torque wrench, it MAY have snapped at LESS that the torque you were trying to achieve. Your post says you did NOT use that wrench on the other wheels, so you do not have info on whether it would have clicked properly on good bolts.

I'm fussy about tire changes, so I have some routines when I do rotations - like this fall switching to winter tires on separate rims. I use a wire brush to clean off loose dirt and rust on contact surfaces of the rim and brake rotor. I use a tap to clean the threads of the nuts, and a die to clean the threads of the stud bolts, then use a small amount of anti-seize lube on the bolt threads to ensure the nut turns on smoothly and I can rely on the torque reading NOT be influenced by dirt or excess friction. It happens I have a less expensive torque wrench from years ago - the old beam type with a gauge and pointer - so I get a reading, not a Yes-or-No click.
Hahaha. The old beam torque wrenches are hammer simple and dead reliable. They make a direct measurement. I still use them. I even have a tiny one that is 1/4" drive, for tiny stuff. And big ones too, that I can barely pull to full scale at my age.

No clicking, no digital, nothing to break (unless you're king kong). Doesn't even connect to the internet or send you email.

All you really need, if you can see well enough to read the scale :)
 
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Fenixgoon

Lifer
Jun 30, 2003
32,878
12,150
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There's quite the debate on that. Some claims it will cause torque values to read lower than they are, causing stretching, or breaking of the stud.

I do use a dab of grease. Doesn't really matter when the tire place uses an impact wrench and torques it to 150lbs!

Had to take one of my wife's wheels off (brake shield rusting off) about a month after she had new tires installed. Had to use a 4 foot pipe on the breaker bar to break a couple of the studs free. They are only supposed to be 76 ft. lbs. on a Camry.
what a lubricant will do is lower the friction of the bolt, increasing the amount of bolt tension at a given applied torque.

The general equation is T=k*P*d where T is torque, k is the nut factor (essentially a friction factor), P is the bolt load, and d is the nominal bolt diameter.

so if you have a critical joint where you have designed for a specific friction and preload in mind, and then someone uses a lube with a very low friction coefficient (nut factor) while keeping the installation torque the same, you could easily increase your bolt load by 50-100%%, putting you well into the yield or even fracture range of the bolt when you think you're normally nowhere close.

it depends on the joint and how it's designed.
 

Torn Mind

Lifer
Nov 25, 2012
12,004
2,748
136
You have be pretty strong to snap a stud with something that short. Breaker bar, sure. Might be the stud was bad metal from the start.

(Just read it's Ford...of course they skimp on the metallurgy and pick metal that rusts faster).....
 

Paperdoc

Platinum Member
Aug 17, 2006
2,438
344
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My comment on the link posted above by repoman0:

The article brings forward some types of nuts and bolts I was not aware of. Our cars have alloy wheels (neither Aluminum nor steel for the summer tires, and steel for the winters. The nuts are as provided by the car makers and appear to be of some very hard metal alloy that does not rust easily, not simple steel. The article does not appear to speak of those types specifically. It does talk of aluminum, especially of aluminum WHEELS that do NOT have steel inserts in the bolt hole areas. These, understandably, can develop galling in the hole depressions because Aluminum is softer, and removing that unevenness to yield a smooth surface makes most sense if possible. Then you'd have metal-to-metal contact if you do NOT use lube. It also speaks of a particular type of stud nut with a metal coating intended as a built-in lubricant so you do not need to add some other type, although it states clearly that such a coating wears off with repeated tire changes. But for simpler types of nuts and wheels it does not appear to recommend that NO lube be used.

I do note this point, though. There is a hint that SOME specifications of nut torque are made specifically for an UN-lubricated metal-to-metal contact situation. Hence for that, adding lube that reduces friction when tightening may allow the user to over-torque the nut. I have not heard that argument before so I don't know if that is how ALL wheel nut torques are specified. I have always assumed (could be wrong!) that most nut torque specs are meant when the contact surfaces are clean and smooth and can slide as easily as possible under pressure, so that means to me use of a SMALL amount of a lube that is thick enough to NOT seep out and contaminate the surroundings. This would apply both to the threads and to the tapered outer surface of the nut where it contacts the similar surface of the wheel hole. Certainly this must NOT be thread sealer of any kind, but a lubricant only.

For a while I was in the habit of using a thin film of the same anti-seize lubricant on the inner surface of the wheel where it makes contact with the brake rotor, intending that when I removed the wheel later this would ensure it came free easily. Turns out this was entirely counterproductive. Wheel removal was MORE difficult this way, and when I stopped doing that removal is easy. It appears the anti-seize simply dried and hardened over a long time so it acted more like a glue that a release agent! With respect to use on threads and hole bevels this aspect has no impact on installing and initial torque application. It may actually increase the torque needed to REMOVE the nuts later, but that's not an issue. However, this does suggest that cleaning old dirt, lube, or whatever from thread on the bolts and the nuts is a good idea before re-installing them.

Jimminy, I agree with your observations. It happens I also have a ¼" drive torque wrench. I got it specifically for doing an electrical panel installation in a new garage so I could torque every bolt and screw in the panel as specified by the panel and breaker labels. It would be very useful for repairs on smaller mechanicals, of course. I can see its use often in motorcycle and bike repairs, for example. I used it this past summer in repairs to the pump of a pressure washer.
 
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repoman0

Diamond Member
Jun 17, 2010
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I used to do the anti-seize between the wheel and brake rotor surface as well. It arguably helped with making the wheel easier to take off on my year round driven vehicles, but it's a bad idea for other reasons. Wheels are really held in place by the tens of thousands of pounds of friction between the wheel and rotor (caused by tension force from the lugs). Reducing that coefficient of friction with goopy material means that the wheels are being held on less securely.

Again probably no big deal for regular street driving. I only started to worry about this kind of stuff after taking up motorsports where forces are much higher. Once you lose that wheel to rotor friction, the bolt / stud has to take forces in the transverse rather than radial direction, and that is how they very quickly snap.
 

Hans Gruber

Platinum Member
Dec 23, 2006
2,496
1,340
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A little heat via a propane torch for a few seconds would cause the bolts to expand. This would break the bond. It doesn't take much heat to loosen things up. It takes a small level of skill to avoid heating other components in the wheel hub. If someone is going to strip their lug nuts and hub. The torch is very safe by comparison.
 

herm0016

Diamond Member
Feb 26, 2005
8,498
1,115
126
i have a set a calibrated proto torque wrenches. I would not hesitate on tekton or other CDI rebrands.

most my my tools are Tekton and they have been fantastic.

i always use anti-seize. never had a problem and never have i had to replace a stud for any reason or had a wheel stick to the hub. i check torque when i remove sometimes and i have never had one loosen up.
 

Indus

Lifer
May 11, 2002
14,488
10,157
136
I wouldn't buy a Ford, but they were aftermarket hubs, and studs.

A ford wasn't my first choice but I couldn't get my preferred one at a decent price due to Covid inflation back then.

I’ve had 1 /4”, 3/8”, & 1/2” drive Snap-On torque wrenches for over 20 years. Once a year they had to be calibrated by a FAA certified repair station if I was using them on company aircraft.

I still use them I just don't get the calibration recertified.

I'm curious.. which set do you end up using the most? I started with a 1/2" and that's all I have right now.. but as I stated, I"m getting more and more into home and car DIY.
 

Paperdoc

Platinum Member
Aug 17, 2006
2,438
344
126
Just a comment re Indus above. I'm a reasonable home mechanic and fixer, but certainly NOT pro level. For decades I have had ½" drive sets and use them for a lot of car work, plus many other jobs. My main torque wrench is that size. I also have a couple of small ¼" drive sets for small devices. I only got the ¼" torque wrench last year for the electrical panel work because it needs torques in the range under 15 ft/lb and that's the bottom end of the large wrench. Back in the '80's we got started on import cars with metric bolts, so I got a set of 3/8" drive metric sockets and a simple adapter from ½" to 3/8" square drive. I've never felt the need to get a 3/8" drive complete set.

One small handy hint there. Sometimes you need a very deep socket for certain nuts. IF you buy your initial set with deep sockets you're all set, although that may not fit into tight spaces. The main time I need a deep socket if for wheel nuts so the torque wrench does not rub against the car side. It turns out the wheel nuts on all our cars need America 13/16" sockets, and that is the size of the Spark Plug wrench for most of our cars. So my spark plug (deep) socket covers that need.
 
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Indus

Lifer
May 11, 2002
14,488
10,157
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Just a comment re Indus above. I'm a reasonable home mechanic and fixer, but certainly NOT pro level. For decades I have had ½" drive sets and use them for a lot of car work, plus many other jobs. My main torque wrench is that size. I also have a couple of small ¼" drive sets for small devices. I only got the ¼" torque wrench last year for the electrical panel work because it needs torques in the range under 15 ft/lb and that's the bottom end of the large wrench. Back in the '80's we got started on import cars with metric bolts, so I got a set of 3/8" drive metric sockets and a simple adapter from ½" to 3/8" square drive. I've never felt the need to get a 3/8" drive complete set.

One small handy hint there. Sometimes you need a very deep socket for certain nuts. IF you buy your initial set with deep sockets you're all set, although that may not fit into tight spaces. The main time I need a deep socket if for wheel nuts so the torque wrench does not rub against the car side. It turns out the wheel nuts on all our cars need America 13/16" sockets, and that is the size of the Spark Plug wrench for most of our cars. So my spark plug (deep) socket covers that need.

Interesting I've not gotten to repairing or fixing spark plugs yet.. only doing tire rotations but I was amazed that Ford used 19mm for lugnuts and 15mm for oil change, not a US or different imperial.
 

pcgeek11

Lifer
Jun 12, 2005
22,100
4,886
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I don't see why a broken wheel stud cost you 600 dollars to repair even if it were an aftermarket hub. Knock out the broken stud and install a new one. If you paid 600 dollars you got ripped off big time!