There's a trick to the Corvega factory. If you go in any of the major, obvious entrances, you're going to die, because you'll engage 6-7 raiders with no real cover. There's another entrance which is much, much easier, because you'll only deal with groups of 2-3, and you'll have plenty of places to duck back and heal.
That said, I didn't figure that out until after I cleared it the hard way. I found the easier entry point from inside the factory while exploring.
This is actually fairly typical of many of the bigger buildings. Quite a lot of them have alternate entries that are easier than the obvious main entrance.
The double-barreled shotgun is an unfortunate weapon. Leaving aside "realism," the correct way to balance a weapon like that is that it's all about alpha strike. It should be set up so it does a ton of damage in a short amount of time, enough to kill most enemies you meet when you find it, but requires enough time to reload that it's poor against multiple enemies because it doesn't have the sustained firepower of a semi-auto pistol with a decent sized magazine.
That's not how it works, though. Even upgraded it frequently doesn't kill low-level targets if you hit them with both barrels, so you pretty much have to gun-bash after using it or switch to a melee weapon. Sticking around for the reload animation is not a good idea.
Of course, it may be that it's because I'm playing on Hard, and that it works as intended only in Normal difficulty or below.
Aside from plot reasons, it's probable that you got thawed because the people who took your wife used a remote access method that unfroze all the pods, not a specific one. There are lots of references to this in the computers in the Vault.