IIRC, slaves weren't free once they escaped the South. There was a federal law to force Northern states to capture and return them. I also believe the SCOTUS had upheld in a case just shortly before the Civil War.
Yeah, found it. Here, look at the last SCOTUS case listed:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_slave_court_cases
I happen to think Lincoln was one of the worst Presidents ever. IMO he needlessly caused a war that likely killed more soldiers than all other wars combined. Estimates are now at about 750,000:
http://www.history.com/news/civil-war-deadlier-than-previously-thought
He also violated the Constitution and disobeyed SCOTUS.
You apparently think he was an idiot. To halt slavery/free all slaves would have been disastrous to this country and his presidency. It would have instantly wiped out a huge portion of this country's wealth. Look up how much the cotton industry was worth, how big it was. Then freed slaves would have been flooding North. Some here can believe the North were benevolent and non-racist but that's BS; they didn't want millions of former black slaves flooding in to their states.
No, he didn't want to abolish it for good reason. Hell, he allowed border states to continue on with slavery for a while after the Civil War.
His every move indicates he wanted to allow it to continue, but contain it and then transition the cotton industry (etc.) off slavery. But once the South seceded that plan was caput.
Most countries slowly transitioned, eventually finding other sources of cheap labor to take over (e.g., Indian and Chinese coolies who were often forced into labor, bought and sold and treated barely a step above slaves.) Check out South America if you're interested. They imported about 95% of the Africans sold in to slavery. They transitioned without a civil war; the European overlords didn't want to lose money.
Fern