To the OP:
The quick answer is No for HIV/AIDS, and definitely No for the pregnant thing.
The HIV virus needs the proper environment to survive. Sexual contact transmits the virus because it's direct transmission, from viable environment to viable environment. IV drug use can transmit the virus because of the quick transmission - it doesn't take much time obviously to pass around a needle.
There is ABSOLUTELY no scientific evidence for the transmission of HIV in any other setting. Even if HIV is present in blood outside the body, it doesn't survive for long (hence only speedy transmission even has a chance of infection.) So the probability of HIV transmission from blood to clothes to detergent to washing machine to clothes to you is absolutely ZERO.
Sperm do not live very long outside the body - they need a particular set of nutrients and environment to live (provided by the seminiferous tubules, prostate, etc). During intercourse the sperm can go directly from the man's environment to another viable environment in the woman, so again: the possiblity of sperm surviving the trip from penis --> clothing --> water (chlorine, etc, etc) --> body is astronomically low as to be almost non-existent.