Now, you don't get 20 lanes of PCIe, six SATA ports, M.2 connectors, all of the USB, and GbE at the same time. Z170 is highly configurable, so motherboard manufacturers have to pick and choose how they utilize its "ports". Six of 26 are used up by USB 3.0 (which is where "up to 20 PCIe lanes" comes from). With the remainder, your vendor of choice can tap into another four USB 3.0 ports, SATA, and PCIe-based storage. But they all eat into Z170's connectivity. Populating all six SATA 6Gb/s ports, for example, eats into six lanes. A PCIe storage device monopolizes four. On the Z170A Gaming M7 motherboard we’re using to test, MSI exploits the flexible PCH with four PCIe x1 slots and one PCIe x4 slot, an ASMedia ASM1142 USB 3.1 controller that consumes two lanes and two M.2 slots that appear to share a four-lane link. MSI juggles the various upgrade paths with PCIe switches.