The hate on the Pentium 4 in here is unwarranted.
The Willamette core was launched in 2000. On a per-clock basis it was completely incapable of keeping up with Tualatin or Thunderbird. It wasn't particularly unusual for a 1.4 GHz Tualatin to match a 2.0 GHz Willamette.
Northwood came in 2002. Willamette was struggling with Thunderbird and Palomino - Northwood provided a die shrink to the same 130 nm process that Tualatin used, as well as doubling the amount of cache. Later models of Northwood pushed FSB frequencies up to 533 and 800 MHz. By the release of the 2.8 GHz Northwood "C", Intel reclaimed the performance crown from AMD's line of Athlon XPs.
I am honestly surprised that Intel even called Prescott "Pentium 4." The design changes are more radical than the changes made from Pentium II Deschutes to Pentium III Katmai. SSE3, EM64T, XD bit, VT-x, and EIST were all added to Prescott. The CPU's pipeline was lengthened significantly, and the cache structure was largely overhauled.
Cedar Mill is a direct die shrink of Prescott. There isn't much else to say about it.
Pentium 4 is remembered so poorly because AMD kept throwing Intel off balance. AMD fought a very successful fight with K7, and honestly had no hope of competing with K8. Netburst matching or surpassing K8 occurred very rarely in benchmarks or in practice - not because Netburst was the most awful architecture ever, but because K8 was very much revolutionary and before it's time.
From 2003 until 2012, AMD has been using a largely unchanged K8 architecture for their CPUs. K10 is little more than K8 with L3 cache and a memory controller that runs at an independent frequency. Llano is built off of nine year old technology. Thuban was competitive with similarly priced Nehalem CPUs despite the fact it was built off of six year old technology.
Bulldozer is much more of a failure than Netburst. Netburst was matched against an extraordinary architecture that blindsided Intel. Bulldozer is competing with the Sandy Bridge architecture, which is entirely unimpressive as far as performance gains from the Nehalem era.