There's lots of potentially fun things to do in EVE without joining a player corporation, but PvP is essentially a group activity and that means joining a corp is very, very useful. Almost a necessity. If you know a group of PvP'ers in game, you could join up with them from time to time, or even all the time, and not actually be memeber of their corp or alliance, but that really doesn't give you much over just joining up with them. Few people get far with solo PvP, so if that's what you want EVE isn't likely for you.
I'm not sure why you're fixated with Goonswarm but they were only only one small part of PvP in EVE and only for those years when they were actually relevent. There's other styles of PvP than what Goonswarm did. There's the more standard 0.0 sovereignty warfare fighting over terriory with huge fleets, much the same as the Goons. There's pirates in low-sec fighting newbies, the odd daring mission runner and other pirates. That seems to describe most of the EVE players here on these boards. You can also declare war on corps in high-sec, or just suicide-gank valuable haulers or mission runners. There's also semi-structured faction warfare in low-sec.
I don't know if any of that would appeal to you, but EVE is a big giant sandbox game with lots of possibilties. None of that PvP stuff appeals to me, but I still have fun playing game. You can play the game for free for two weeks to get an idea what it's like and I'm sure there are plenty of people here that'll happily give you a buddy invite for a three week trial. The trial is very unrestricted, there's not much you can do in your first two or three weeks of a regular account than you can't do in a trial. You could've even signed up with Goonswarm, not that they would've accepted you.
Hmm... otherwise have you tried Warhammer Online: Age of Reckoning? It's got a decent trial, no time limit, but a hard level cap. Almost counts as a free-to-play game.