In your book you write that war within Islam “will shape the future”. What do you mean?
I mean that the Shia-Sunni conflict, in some ways, is becoming like what the Protestant-Catholic conflict was for Europe, during the medieval period or recently in Northern Ireland. It’s about religion and identity, but also about politics and power. Shiism and Sunnism are like the major division in Christianity between Protestants and Catholics. For a very long time there was a Sunni domination over the Arab world, but now, because of what happened in Iraq, we have the very first case of that balance being disturbed by power-sharing in favour of Shias.
Are Sunni countries worried by Iran’s leadership and by this “Shia Crescent”?
Yes, they are. And that’s why the King of Jordan, the President of Egypt and the foreign minister of Saudi Arabia keep talking about it. It is not the Shia’s who talk about the “Shia Crescent”, it’s the Sunni’s who talk about it. We saw this very clearly when the Hezbollah war started. It was the Arab countries who very quickly said that this was a Shia alliance going to war with Israel, and they criticised it. It was not the Shia’s who said that this was a Shia alliance. Sunni countries have two worries. There are some Sunni countries that have Shia populations, like Saudi Arabia, Lebanon, Kuwait, but there are some Sunni countries, like Jordan or Egypt, who don’t have Shia population but worry more about the balance of power-sharing in Iran