RossGr:
What is the purpose of the Bible? Or are there multiple purposes?
I think the main purpose of the Bible is to empower an individual to walk in the fulness of the Spirit that comes through Christ. It's main purpose is devotional and individual, not corporate and doctrinal.
If the Bible's main purpose was doctrinal, it would be a different type of book. It would have treatises about the nature of God, to nature of Christ, the time and manner in which Christians should practice the ordinances/sacraments of the faith, etc.
But the Bible was not written that way. The Old testament is not "doctrinal" at all, and even the New testament, for the most part, addresses doctrine in a more practical sense. Different individual Christian local churches struggled with different issues and words were written to help them live out their faith and overcome these issues and walk in by the power of the Spirit rather than rely merely upon their own resources.
The Bible itself says that that its purpose is not doctrinal in the academic sense that we view such things today. 2 Timothy 3:17 says that the purpose of Scripture is "so that the man of God may be thoroughly equipped for every good work." (NIV)
This aspect of the Bible's purpose requires no particular skill or training to achieve. It is a spiritual work that is not contingent upon anything except the diligence and heart of the disciple and the untraceable workings of the Spirit. It requires no formal training, although it does require that one have a copy of the Bible in a language that one speaks. Hence, such a one is naive (NOT stupid) and somewhat at the mercy of the translators and is easily victimized by a bad translation or an unscrupulous teacher.
Still, this aspect of the Bible is what is dearest to God. He cares much more about the heart than the head. Jesus himself had no formal training, yet he amazed people by what he taught. See John 7:15-17:
<< The Jews were amazed and asked, "how did this man get such learning without having studied?"
Jesus answered: "My teaching is not my own. It comes from Him who sent me. If anyone chooses to do God's will, he will find out whether my teaching comes from God or whether I speak on my own." >>
So, it is the heartfelt choice to do the Father's will, not the academic instructions of the Seminary elite, that most grants an understanding of God through reading the Bible.
Of course, the Bible does establish doctrine as a secondary purpose. And this doctrine is wrapped in thousands of years of church history that can make even the most academically gifted person stagger. But the the core issues of the Christian faith are more easily discerned today than at any time in the past fifteen hundred years. We have many thousands of Greek manuscripts available to perform a level of critical study of the New Testament that no other ancient document has ever been subjected to. We have a tremedous amount of writings available from pre-Nicea (325 A.D.) Christians who wrote at a time when Christianity was a despised and persecuted religion, not a political juggernaut. From these early Christians alone (Athenagoras, Justin Martyr, Tatian, Theophilus, Tertullian, Origen, and on and on) we can recreate virtually the entire New Testament without even having a New testament manuscript. For example, Tatian wrote the "Diatesseron," a harmony of the four Gospels, in about 140 A.D. This shows that the same four Gospel accounts that we have today were widely circulated and accepted by Christians 180 years before the Church had any political power to censor or supposedly alter documents.
To work through these issues takes diligence and effort, but a little history, a little Greek, and a willingness to read the ante-Nicene Fathers for oneself can go a long way. Then one is in a postion to evalute what the "Priesthood" or the "Seminary Elite" says represents core Christian doctrine.
Still, doctrine pales in comparison to the personal experience of divine grace, even though core, accurate doctrine facilitates the experience of divine grace.