Then please tell me why are they buying back.
Here's many good reasons.
1. Everybody says companies have tons of cash, right? Sure, in a way, they do. However, on a net debt basis, they don't Companies, overall, are levering up. This is increasing the risk behind the companies, even when they are borrowing at historically cheap rates. Because the cash is being taken out without investment in the company they will have less of a cushion in the future, furthermore, as rates go up, they will need to roll the debt into higher yielding instruments, thus increasing leverage more, unless they issue more stock (or use earnings) but they could be at a time when they need capital, so then they raise more debt (again).
2. Everybody knows that companies are suppressing capital investment while not recruiting heavily.
Thus, they are levering both the capital structure of the company *AND* people for what???
3. Because CEOs are getting paid based upon stock (options or RSUs) they need to be able to keep stock prices up. Why are they leaning so heavily on stock rather than salary? Because you get taxed at 15% vs 38%. Duh.
4. Buying stock while levering the company juices the returns more, pumping the stock price even higher, but it does so by avoiding taxes.
5. The buyback reduces dividend payout without having to actually reduce the dividend amount. Why do that? Because it saves on taxes, both from the company perspective *and* from the investor (read: 1% and executives) perspective.
6. P/E ratios are high, the economy is still largely stagnant, while debt is cheap, it's still leverage that makes bond analysts nervous for the aforementioned reasons. This is a shell game, everybody bond analyst knows it. It's a tax arbitrage, they all know that too. However, they are beholden to it because there's nothing else with yield out there.
I could think of many more reasons, but I bore of this.
Add to that the fact that interlocking boards allow such ridiculous pay packages, you get a situation where the 1% benefit massively from a situation that cuts their taxes by more than 50% while shafting the rest of the population.