Aren't vegetable based fuels actually called ethanol or something? I think it's made from corn. That's obviously not a feasible alternative either. Skoorb so what can be used to produce ethanol and hydrogen fuels? Nuclear power? We have a big enough problem with nuclear waste as it is.
Steeplerot
Lifer
- Mar 29, 2004
- 13,051
- 6
- 81
A bit about hemp some may not know, its better then corn with a multitude of other uses industrial ag medical etc.
http://www.masscann.org/hemp/
Fuel:
* Farming 6% of the continental U.S. acreage with biomass crops would provide all of America's energy needs. 1
* Hemp is Earth's number-one biomass resource; it is capable of producing 10 tons per acre in four months. 1
* Biomass can be converted to methane, methanol, or gasoline at a cost comparable to petroleum, and hemp is much better for the environment. Pyrolysis (charcoalizing), or biochemical composting are two methods of turning hemp into fuel.2
* Hemp can produce 10 times more methanol than corn.
* Hemp fuel burns clean. Petroleum causes acid rain due to sulfur pollution.
* The use of hemp fuel does not contribute to global warming.
Food:
* Hemp seed can be pressed into a nutritious oil, which contains the highest amount of fatty acids in the plant kingdom. Essential oils are responsible for our immune system responses, and clear the arteries of cholesterol and plaque.
* The byproduct of pressing the oil from hemp seed is high quality protein seed cake. It can be sprouted (malted) or ground and baked into cakes, breads, and casseroles. Hemp seed protein is one of mankind's finest, most complete and available-to-the-body vegetable proteins.
* Hemp seed was the world's number one wild and domestic bird seed until the 1937 Marijuana prohibition law. Four million pounds of hemp seed for songbirds were sold at retail in the U.S. in 1937. Birds will pick hemp seeds out and eat them first from a pile of mixed seed. Birds in the wild live longer and breed more with hemp seed in their diet, using the oil for the feathers and their overall health.
Fiber:
* Hemp is the oldest cultivated fiber plant in the world.
* Low-THC fiber hemp varieties developed by the French and others have been available for over 20 years. It is impossible to get high from fiber hemp. Over 600,000 acres of hemp is grown worldwide with no drug misuse problem.
* One acre of hemp can produce as much usable fiber as 4 acres of trees or two acres of cotton.
* Trees cut down to make paper take 50 to 500 years to grow, while hemp can be cultivated in as little as 100 days and can yield 4 times more paper over a 20 year period.
* Until 1883, from 75-90% of all paper in the world was made with cannabis hemp fiber including that for books, Bibles, maps, paper money, stocks and bonds, newspapers, etc. 2
* Hemp paper is longer lasting than wood pulp, stronger, acid-free, and chlorine free. (Chlorine is estimated to cause up to 10% of all Cancers.)
* Hemp paper can be recycled 7 times, wood pulp 4 times.
* If the hemp pulp paper process reported by the USDA in 1916, were legal today it would soon replace 70% of all wood paper products.
* Rag paper containing hemp fiber is the highest quality and longest lasting paper ever made. It can be torn when wet, but returns to its full strength when dry. Barring extreme conditions, rag paper remains stable for centuries.
* Hemp particle board may be up to 2 times stronger than wood particleboard and holds nails better.
* Hemp is softer, warmer, more water absorbent, has three times the tensile strength, and is many times more durable than cotton. Hemp production uses less chemicals than cotton. 2
* From 70-90% of all rope, twine, and cordage was made from hemp until 1937. 2
* A strong lustrous fiber; hemp withstands heat, mildew, insects, and is not damaged by light. Oil paintings on hemp and/or flax canvas have stayed in fine condition for centuries.
Medicine:
* Deaths from marijuana use: 0
* From 1842 through the 1880s, extremely strong marijuana (then known as cannabis extractums), hashish extracts, tinctures, and elixirs were routinely the second and third most-used medicines in America for humans (from birth through old age). These extracts were also used in veterinary medicine until the 1920s and longer. 2
* For at least 3,000 years prior to 1842 widely varying marijuana extracts (bud, leaves, roots, etc.) were the most commonly used real medicines in the world for the majority of mankind's illnesses.
* The U.S. Pharmacopoeia indicated cannabis should be used for treating such ailments as fatigue, fits of coughing, rheumatism, asthma, delirium tremens, migraine headaches, and the cramps and depressions associated with menstruation. 3
* In this century, cannabis research has demonstrated therapeutic value and complete safety in the treatment of many health problems including asthma, glaucoma, nausea, tumors, epilepsy, infection, stress, migraines, anorexia, depression, rheumatism, arthritis, and possibly herpes. 3
* Deaths from aspirin (U.S. per year): 180 - 1,000 +
* Deaths from legal drugs (U.S. per year) at doses used for prevention, diagnosis, or therapy: 106,000
Industry:
* Almost any product that can be made from wood, cotton, or petroleum (including plastics) can be made from hemp. There are more than 25,000 known uses for hemp.
* For thousands of years virtually all good paints and varnishes were made with hemp seed oil and/or linseed oil.
* Hemp stems are 80% hurds (pulp by-product after the hemp fiber is removed from the plant). Hemp hurds are 77% cellulose - a primary chemical feed stock (industrial raw material) used in the production of chemicals, plastics, and fibers. Depending on which U.S. agricultural report is correct, an acre of full grown hemp plants can sustainably provide from four to 50 or even 100 times the cellulose found in cornstalks, kenaf, or sugar cane (the planet's next highest annual cellulose plants).
* One acre of hemp produces as much cellulose fiber pulp as 4.1 acres of trees, making hemp a perfect material to replace trees for pressed board, particle board, and concrete construction molds.
* Heating and compressing plant fibers can create practical, inexpensive, fire-resistant construction materials with excellent thermal and sound-insulating qualities. These strong plant fiber construction materials could replace dry wall and wood paneling. William B. Conde of Conde's Redwood Lumber, Inc. near Eugene, Oregon, in conjunction with Washington State University (1991-1993), has demonstrated the superior strength, flexibility, and economy of hemp composite building materials compared to wood fiber, even as beams.
* Isochanvre, a rediscovered French building material made from hemp hurds mixed with lime petrifies into a mineral state and lasts for many centuries. Archeologists have found a bridge in the south of France from the Merovingian period (500-751 A.D.), built with this process.
* Hemp has been used throughout history for carpet backing. Hemp fiber has potential in the manufacture of strong, rot resistant carpeting - eliminating the poisonous fumes of burning synthetic materials in a house or commercial fire, along with allergic reactions associated with new synthetic carpeting.
* Plastic plumbing pipe (PVC pipes) can be manufactured using renewable hemp cellulose as the chemical feed stocks, replacing non-renewable coal or petroleum based chemical feed stocks.
* In 1941 Henry Ford built a plastic car made of fiber from hemp and wheat straw. Hemp plastic is biodegradable, synthetic plastic is not.
http://www.masscann.org/hemp/
Fuel:
* Farming 6% of the continental U.S. acreage with biomass crops would provide all of America's energy needs. 1
* Hemp is Earth's number-one biomass resource; it is capable of producing 10 tons per acre in four months. 1
* Biomass can be converted to methane, methanol, or gasoline at a cost comparable to petroleum, and hemp is much better for the environment. Pyrolysis (charcoalizing), or biochemical composting are two methods of turning hemp into fuel.2
* Hemp can produce 10 times more methanol than corn.
* Hemp fuel burns clean. Petroleum causes acid rain due to sulfur pollution.
* The use of hemp fuel does not contribute to global warming.
Food:
* Hemp seed can be pressed into a nutritious oil, which contains the highest amount of fatty acids in the plant kingdom. Essential oils are responsible for our immune system responses, and clear the arteries of cholesterol and plaque.
* The byproduct of pressing the oil from hemp seed is high quality protein seed cake. It can be sprouted (malted) or ground and baked into cakes, breads, and casseroles. Hemp seed protein is one of mankind's finest, most complete and available-to-the-body vegetable proteins.
* Hemp seed was the world's number one wild and domestic bird seed until the 1937 Marijuana prohibition law. Four million pounds of hemp seed for songbirds were sold at retail in the U.S. in 1937. Birds will pick hemp seeds out and eat them first from a pile of mixed seed. Birds in the wild live longer and breed more with hemp seed in their diet, using the oil for the feathers and their overall health.
Fiber:
* Hemp is the oldest cultivated fiber plant in the world.
* Low-THC fiber hemp varieties developed by the French and others have been available for over 20 years. It is impossible to get high from fiber hemp. Over 600,000 acres of hemp is grown worldwide with no drug misuse problem.
* One acre of hemp can produce as much usable fiber as 4 acres of trees or two acres of cotton.
* Trees cut down to make paper take 50 to 500 years to grow, while hemp can be cultivated in as little as 100 days and can yield 4 times more paper over a 20 year period.
* Until 1883, from 75-90% of all paper in the world was made with cannabis hemp fiber including that for books, Bibles, maps, paper money, stocks and bonds, newspapers, etc. 2
* Hemp paper is longer lasting than wood pulp, stronger, acid-free, and chlorine free. (Chlorine is estimated to cause up to 10% of all Cancers.)
* Hemp paper can be recycled 7 times, wood pulp 4 times.
* If the hemp pulp paper process reported by the USDA in 1916, were legal today it would soon replace 70% of all wood paper products.
* Rag paper containing hemp fiber is the highest quality and longest lasting paper ever made. It can be torn when wet, but returns to its full strength when dry. Barring extreme conditions, rag paper remains stable for centuries.
* Hemp particle board may be up to 2 times stronger than wood particleboard and holds nails better.
* Hemp is softer, warmer, more water absorbent, has three times the tensile strength, and is many times more durable than cotton. Hemp production uses less chemicals than cotton. 2
* From 70-90% of all rope, twine, and cordage was made from hemp until 1937. 2
* A strong lustrous fiber; hemp withstands heat, mildew, insects, and is not damaged by light. Oil paintings on hemp and/or flax canvas have stayed in fine condition for centuries.
Medicine:
* Deaths from marijuana use: 0
* From 1842 through the 1880s, extremely strong marijuana (then known as cannabis extractums), hashish extracts, tinctures, and elixirs were routinely the second and third most-used medicines in America for humans (from birth through old age). These extracts were also used in veterinary medicine until the 1920s and longer. 2
* For at least 3,000 years prior to 1842 widely varying marijuana extracts (bud, leaves, roots, etc.) were the most commonly used real medicines in the world for the majority of mankind's illnesses.
* The U.S. Pharmacopoeia indicated cannabis should be used for treating such ailments as fatigue, fits of coughing, rheumatism, asthma, delirium tremens, migraine headaches, and the cramps and depressions associated with menstruation. 3
* In this century, cannabis research has demonstrated therapeutic value and complete safety in the treatment of many health problems including asthma, glaucoma, nausea, tumors, epilepsy, infection, stress, migraines, anorexia, depression, rheumatism, arthritis, and possibly herpes. 3
* Deaths from aspirin (U.S. per year): 180 - 1,000 +
* Deaths from legal drugs (U.S. per year) at doses used for prevention, diagnosis, or therapy: 106,000
Industry:
* Almost any product that can be made from wood, cotton, or petroleum (including plastics) can be made from hemp. There are more than 25,000 known uses for hemp.
* For thousands of years virtually all good paints and varnishes were made with hemp seed oil and/or linseed oil.
* Hemp stems are 80% hurds (pulp by-product after the hemp fiber is removed from the plant). Hemp hurds are 77% cellulose - a primary chemical feed stock (industrial raw material) used in the production of chemicals, plastics, and fibers. Depending on which U.S. agricultural report is correct, an acre of full grown hemp plants can sustainably provide from four to 50 or even 100 times the cellulose found in cornstalks, kenaf, or sugar cane (the planet's next highest annual cellulose plants).
* One acre of hemp produces as much cellulose fiber pulp as 4.1 acres of trees, making hemp a perfect material to replace trees for pressed board, particle board, and concrete construction molds.
* Heating and compressing plant fibers can create practical, inexpensive, fire-resistant construction materials with excellent thermal and sound-insulating qualities. These strong plant fiber construction materials could replace dry wall and wood paneling. William B. Conde of Conde's Redwood Lumber, Inc. near Eugene, Oregon, in conjunction with Washington State University (1991-1993), has demonstrated the superior strength, flexibility, and economy of hemp composite building materials compared to wood fiber, even as beams.
* Isochanvre, a rediscovered French building material made from hemp hurds mixed with lime petrifies into a mineral state and lasts for many centuries. Archeologists have found a bridge in the south of France from the Merovingian period (500-751 A.D.), built with this process.
* Hemp has been used throughout history for carpet backing. Hemp fiber has potential in the manufacture of strong, rot resistant carpeting - eliminating the poisonous fumes of burning synthetic materials in a house or commercial fire, along with allergic reactions associated with new synthetic carpeting.
* Plastic plumbing pipe (PVC pipes) can be manufactured using renewable hemp cellulose as the chemical feed stocks, replacing non-renewable coal or petroleum based chemical feed stocks.
* In 1941 Henry Ford built a plastic car made of fiber from hemp and wheat straw. Hemp plastic is biodegradable, synthetic plastic is not.
StageLeft
No Lifer
- Sep 29, 2000
- 70,150
- 5
- 0
Yes, nuclear power, and nuclear power is going to be an increasingly used source of our energy. Dealing with comparitively small amounts of nuclear waste is much easier than dealing with gobs and gobs of oil, which is expensive, needs to be imported, and invariably affects the environment.
Gas and oil prices are only marginally connected right now because gas is supply constrained due to refiner limitations. Although the price of oil does determine the base starting point the biggest factor in gas prices right now is the limited production capacity of refined gasoline.
And as others mentioned, how the hell does this relate to MIT and even if it did MIT is an institution, the individual professors are what matters and everyone mentioned in that article isn't from MIT. The reality is that oil supplies wouldn't be pumping at the maximum right now if India and china weren't fully into the process of industrialization. Proclamations of the vision of some long dead scientist are meaningless given his complete lack of understanding of the global economy and the relative low numbers his predictions made in the 60's.
There is something you all need to keep in mind, had the dollar not corrected, oil prices would have likely remained unchanged. There has been an approximate drop in value in the dollar of around 30% and that is only a few percent off the increase in price of oil. Oil as a commodity remained priced essentially the same, the US just pays more for it because the dollar dropped. Because the Euro offered greater currency stability the europeans have not experienced any significant increases in oil prices.
At $2.50 a gallon youd have to drive over 175k miles to break even on a hybrid accord over a base accord...
Not to mention those batteries need replaced at some point and will cost a ton im sure.
Not to mention those batteries need replaced at some point and will cost a ton im sure.
I am 17, there will be enough oil/coal left until I am about 60. My guess is that hydrogen will power the cars of the future, emitting only water, only problem is separating hydrgen from H2O requires electricity which requires coal, so an efficent way for separating hydrogen and oxygen is needed. Hydrogen engines are already developed. Toyota made a prototype already.
biostud
Lifer
- Feb 27, 2003
- 19,730
- 6,808
- 136
I heard it should be really confusing to use them (The report was from a science program on national radio over here) You can get gasoline, gasoline spiced with alcohol, pure alcohol, diesel, bio diesel or something like that. There was another South american country who did this as well. They got the alcohol from sugarcanes, so they kinda didn't care about the high oil prices.
yes but with no government funding to do this we are kinda stuck, there are plenty of bright minds in the US, but this administration is unwilling to give a generous enough budget to do alternative fuel research because of the money that flows into the government from the energy industry, and both parties are on the take........
let us also not forget that petroleum is not just used for gas, but for any type of plastic too, so those prices will invariably rise
It doesn't matter how many ways you silly hippies try to rationalize it. They'll never legalize pot in the U.S.
just imagine if everyone burned hemp for heat in their fireplaces intstead of oil. you would have half the country getting high at the same time
Steeplerot
Lifer
- Mar 29, 2004
- 13,051
- 6
- 81
thats funny I can count 5 stores to buy pot (and smoke it) within a few blocks of my house and they advertise eighths of weed on the covers of the little newspapers like thrifty nickel.
Last I heard SF alone has 33 cannabis clubs and counting.
sorry you live in such a backward place, welcome to the 21st century.
BTW sad such a hateful person uses such a great man's song title for a username too.
Johnny Cash would be rolling in his grave if you mattered or had a clue about what you were talking about.
You can, but we also use a lot of petroleum to produce the corn, as synthetic fertilizers are based on petroleum.
I posted an article in the other oil thread about shale to oil process to generate oil at $10/barrel.
China Vs U.S. over Oil will end Civilization
End of Oil Could Fuel 'End of Civilization as We Know It'
The most dire and perhaps speculative forecast calls for global oil production to peak next year -- specifically on Thanksgiving.
The consequences will be grave: huge inflation, global resource wars -- China vs. the United States was emphasized as a possibility -- and the end of civilization as we know it.
U.S. peaked already
The argument stretches back to a 1956 prediction by M. King Hubbert that oil production in the lower 48 U.S. states would peak in the early 1970s.
He was right.
The United States now imports nearly 60 percent of the oil it uses.
Meanwhile, other countries are beginning to clamor for oil at unprecedented rates, and therein lies the recipe for potential disaster.
China uses a comparatively modest 1.5 billion barrels a year (perhaps 2.4 billion this year) according to some estimates. India consumes less. Both countries' economies are becoming increasingly dependent on oil
Yet China's own production has been flat since the 1980s and it now imports 40 percent of what it needs.
'When do we panic?'
"What matters in the short term is, when do we panic?" Nur said. "In my opinion, the point of panic has already taken place."
It's a behind-the-scenes sort of panic. The two largest economies on Earth -- China and the United States -- have already incorporated the finite nature of oil into their national security policies
The war in Iraq, a country second only to politically unstable Saudi Arabia in oil reserves, is another clue, he said.
"Civilization as we know it will come to an end sometime this century, when the fuel runs out," Goodstein said, adding that "I certainly hope my prediction is wrong."
End of Oil Could Fuel 'End of Civilization as We Know It'
The most dire and perhaps speculative forecast calls for global oil production to peak next year -- specifically on Thanksgiving.
The consequences will be grave: huge inflation, global resource wars -- China vs. the United States was emphasized as a possibility -- and the end of civilization as we know it.
U.S. peaked already
The argument stretches back to a 1956 prediction by M. King Hubbert that oil production in the lower 48 U.S. states would peak in the early 1970s.
He was right.
The United States now imports nearly 60 percent of the oil it uses.
Meanwhile, other countries are beginning to clamor for oil at unprecedented rates, and therein lies the recipe for potential disaster.
China uses a comparatively modest 1.5 billion barrels a year (perhaps 2.4 billion this year) according to some estimates. India consumes less. Both countries' economies are becoming increasingly dependent on oil
Yet China's own production has been flat since the 1980s and it now imports 40 percent of what it needs.
'When do we panic?'
"What matters in the short term is, when do we panic?" Nur said. "In my opinion, the point of panic has already taken place."
It's a behind-the-scenes sort of panic. The two largest economies on Earth -- China and the United States -- have already incorporated the finite nature of oil into their national security policies
The war in Iraq, a country second only to politically unstable Saudi Arabia in oil reserves, is another clue, he said.
"Civilization as we know it will come to an end sometime this century, when the fuel runs out," Goodstein said, adding that "I certainly hope my prediction is wrong."
I've read up a little about this a while back. The energy problem can be overcome by completely refocusing the production and use of energy. Oil a comibantion of renewaable and non-renewable will be able bridge the growing deficit. At the same time energy savings everywhere, from industry to homes to cars. Given oil's so many diverse and critical uses in many all forms of production and subtances (plastics anyone?), it always seemed a shame to be burning it in a primative combustion engine.
Think about it: if you saved energy by a more economical car, you could undoubtedly over time the amount saved could be sold for a huge sum - that's if inflation hasn't nagated the use of money. Nevertheless, inflation due to shortage of a resource means the price inflation of the resource will be greater than the general inflation. Of course ultimately, it'll be the speculators and oil cartels making the real money this way.
Interesting stuff I've read is China's development of small-scale nuclear powerplants using helium as opposed to water, which if they can solve the containment of it such that the small particles of helium do not escape, would be much safer (nnowhere near as hot) and more environmentally friendly (no pumping into the rivers) than using water.
Question: is there any historical precident for a major resource running out? ie resource wars of a significant nature in the past? I just hope our economy is globalised enough at this point to ensure world peace. Problem is some countries like China are less integrated and have their own strong and independent ideology.
Think about it: if you saved energy by a more economical car, you could undoubtedly over time the amount saved could be sold for a huge sum - that's if inflation hasn't nagated the use of money. Nevertheless, inflation due to shortage of a resource means the price inflation of the resource will be greater than the general inflation. Of course ultimately, it'll be the speculators and oil cartels making the real money this way.
Interesting stuff I've read is China's development of small-scale nuclear powerplants using helium as opposed to water, which if they can solve the containment of it such that the small particles of helium do not escape, would be much safer (nnowhere near as hot) and more environmentally friendly (no pumping into the rivers) than using water.
Question: is there any historical precident for a major resource running out? ie resource wars of a significant nature in the past? I just hope our economy is globalised enough at this point to ensure world peace. Problem is some countries like China are less integrated and have their own strong and independent ideology.
Ozoned
Diamond Member
- Mar 22, 2004
- 5,578
- 0
- 0
What country has the largest shale oil reserves?
Canada? China? Soviet union?
Nope.
Got oil? :laugh: :laugh: :laugh:
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