Well as for palpable surface landmarks I'm not sure I know 100% what you are talking about. However the lungs are under your rip cage, probably starting somewhere below your collar bone and extending down close to your last ribs. Your heart is under your lungs and on the left side of your upper chest.
NSAIDs are a class of pain meds. I believe they stand for something like Non Specific something something...
Not sure on the steroid one.
Brown dwarfs are a class of "failed stars" they are stars that have too little mass to fully initiate self sustaining fusion at their cores the way stars that shine do. Hence they are more like giant Jupiters, but off by themselves like regular stars. The line between large Juptier like planets and brown dwarfs is a little fuzzy. Especially with the new class of brown dwarfs they recently discovered, labelled Class Y, that have surface temperatures down to about 30 deg C. I believe the other class of brown dwarf are T class.
Valsalva maneuver. A maneuver used to equalize pressure in your sinuses. Usually used by divers and snorkellers. I believe it's performed by swallowing.
Carl Sagan I believe.
Never heard of Samuel Hehnemann.
Pretty good. Superior tip of the lungs end posterior to the clavicle, and they extend down to about T12 vertebra at the back, and about T8 at the front - the stomach and liver take up a lot of space under the diaphragm. The heart is a quadrilateral, with the four vertices being 5th intercostal space, mid-clavicular line; 6th rib, right sternal edge; 3rd rib, right sternal edge; 2nd rib, left sternal edge.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. They are a class of drugs inhibiting the cyclo-oxygenase enzymes, which produce a lot of the chemicals that the body uses to cause inflammation and pain signals.
Steroids are given to halt growth and accelerate maturation of the lungs. The main inhibiting factor for survival of extremely premature babies is the production of pulmonary surfactant; without surfactant, it is a huge effort to inflate the lungs, and this effort has to be expended with each breath (for those of us born at term, the first breath is a lot of effort; each successive breath gets easier because surfactant gets spread around the alveoli). Without it, babies can't breathe, and they die. At about 23 weeks, the primary goal of lung growth is creation of alveoli, surfactant production starts around then, but only ramps up a few weeks later. What the surfactant does is it forces the lungs to stop dividing alveoli and focus on producing surfactant instead.
It can be done by swallowing; most people do it by pinching their nose shut and blowing out through the nose.
Correct.
Hahnemann created homeopathy. He did a few rather unscientific experiments with tree bark, and found that in healthy people it replicated the symptoms of malaria (through a different mechanism, obviously), and he 'found' that giving this tree bark to people with malaria made them get better (probably just confirmation bias and regression to the mean). From this, he got the whole "like cures like" philosophy. If you will forgive my spiel on homeopathy, I am supremely annoyed by how such a stupid notion as homeopathy (like cures like is only the tip of the iceberg) could be believed by anyone today. It was created in a time when Medicine was almost purely art rather than science, and created out of a handful of anecdotes from someone horribly, horribly misguided.
Some more:
How does penicillin work?
How did the saying 'to drink the kool-aid' come about?
How does drinking alcohol give the effect of becoming warmer?
What do the H and N stand for in the influenza strain H1N1?
What order of magnitude is the SI 'femto' suffix?
What virus causes glandular fever?
What is the difference between a carcinoma and an adenoma?
In what arm of the Milky Way is the Solar System?
Which is the largest moon in the Solar System?
What is the 30th element in the periodic table?
Where in the body are the trochleae? (I know of three)
Are these too easy? Too hard?
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