I was involved in the mid-late 70s student strikes in Quebec. Those were against tuition hike (we were paying ~$370-420 per term ) (1974-75) but also against the establishment of SATA/GRE-like aptitude exams (1978).
There have been similar negotiations and strikes by students in Quebec over tuition hikes every few years since the late 60s when they led to the establishment of the first provincial student union, L'Union Générale Des Etudiants du Québec (UGEQ). Some dissentment in 1974-75 led to the UGEQ being replaced by a new association called ANEQ (Association Nationale des Etudiants du Québec). I was involved in my CEGEP's Political Action Committee during the time that led to the ANEQ, when we discussed its purpose, chart, rules, etc... As a moderate (centre-left) I saw the ANEQ quickly being diverted by more radical & vocal elements, particularly the PCCml (Parti Communiste Canadien marxiste-léniniste) who often clashed with the maoists and the trotskyists (there were many communist groups active at the time). I stopped being involved in such matters when I entered university, partly after having gone almost to fisticuffs during some meetings.
In 1974-1975 when we went on strike similarly against a tuition hike, our strike lasted about three weeks if I remember correctly (I was president of the occupation for my CEGEP - François-Xavier Garneau) and was totally peaceful. We did not disrupt the everyday lives of other people. We simply occupied our campuses and boycotted our classes. The only demonstration we did was to go sit on the Plains of Abraham around la Croix du Souvenir, once, close to Parliament and in view of the Prime Minister's window in Le Complexe H bunker.
It would never have crossed our minds to be violent or disruptive of other folks who went about their work & daily lives. That works against you. You do not gather support from the general population doing this, quite the contrary as we're seeing right now. Plus none of us wore masks. We showed our faces to show our discontent.
Times have changed though. This was when you could settle an argument one on one, with fists. No knives, no guns, no 5-6 friends of the other guy jumping you if you happen to win the fight, and no kicking a downed man. Once he is down and possibly out, the fight is over. You have won and it's time for both sides to heal their bruises.
Things are much more tribal nowadays.
Things have also changed since then in that there no longer is a single national association representing all students but individual faculties & departments can choose to be part of at least three main organizations (there are more) and a strike vote is taken at the level of the department/faculty, not the whole institution.
Another thing to remember about the current situation:
70% of the faculties & departments in CEGEPs and universities have not voted in favour and
are not on strike. The majority of those students are in fact in favour of a moderate tuition increase, particularly students in Science, Engineering, Accounting, Medicine. Those we see on the news are the vocal minority, some bandwagoners and some who have decided toenlarge the conflict into a general call for societal change. As such, many demonstrations have been infiltrated by anarchist and radical groups (the Panda you see often is proudly called the anarchopanda) who are bent on provocation.
Within the faculties that voted for a strike, the
quorum needed can be very low. For example, the most militant (and left-leaning) university in Québec is L'Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM). Here is a picture showing what quorum is needed for a strike vote in each of its faculties, as low as 0.8% of the faculty's enrollment.
Also, as per the UQAM's own regulations, students who are on strike must not prevent others who decide not to boycott their classes from attending lectures. Profs are required to keep on lecturing etc... as if all is normal. They can only stop lectures if there is major disruption that prevents learning (e.g. tumult) or physical danger, e.g. intimidation by striking students, in which case campus security is supposed to take the perpetrators away so classes can resume normally. There are probably similar dispositions in the rules of other colleges and universities. The current Bill 78 goes further in making harassing and preventing other students from attending classes a criminal act to be dealt with by police rather than just by campus security, probably because it got too much for campus security to handle.
One must remember also that this is not a strike in a strict labour sense as per Quebec law. Student unions share some aspects with labour unions in being able to collect mandatory union fees, providing job search and other services but they do not have a formalized right to strike. This is why the term boycott is employed by the government and those students opposed to the walk out. Since there is no formal legal strikes, legislation applying to scabs/picket lines/etc... do not apply.
To those who say the right to demonstrate is impeded, well freedom of expression sin't an absolute right (you cannot yell fire in a cinema for example). In Canada, some reasonable constraints can be applied to an individual right if circumstances warrant it for the greater good. We have an exception clause in our Charter of Rights & Freedoms that is there exactly to address such situations. There are checks & balances in Canada. If people think the law is unconstitutional, then challenge it in court. Even if it is judged constitutional, if you think it goes too far, then vote another party in government who promises to strike it down or replace it.
Sounds like some of the protesters are more into Life, Liberty & The Pursuit of Happiness than into Peace, Order & Good Government (which the checks & balances address).
Finally, the separatist Parti Québécois is co-opting the conflict but they had a very different message when they were the government facing a similar strike in 1977. Back then, Premier René Lévesque said:
"Those who are at the moment attending CEGEPs and universities amount only to18% of young people between the age of 18 and 24.
They are a priviledged lot and should be aware of the enormous sacrifices made by society in order to grant them access to higher education."