Poeple that take avantage of market fluctuations are right about half the time. They are participating in a zero sum game. In the end, they probably perform about equal to the markets in general with the exception that they pay alot in capital gains taxes and commisions. So, they probably underperform the markets. Taken as a whole there is no way that this is not the case.
Think of the Sotck Market as being run by a person named Mr Market. Now, understand that Mr Market is manic depressive and things over the short term are crazy. Understanding that this manic depressive entity is not understandable is step one. So you can't take advantage of him. Step 2 is understanding that his nature casues mispricings. So, if you take your time, Mr Market will price a comapny worth $200m at $100m and at other times at $400m. This is how a value investor takes advantage of Mr Market.
Once you understand valuation, it is easy to figure out a companies value to you. That includes the notion that you don't know.
People to often try to find a catalyst through rather irrational means. To a value investor, value is the catalyst. It's simply a matter of when.
News outlets often say that some macro-economic news caused today's action. Why is it that oil dropping 2% one day causes the market to tank while on another day it rallies? Just realize that they are trying to get money via advertising dollars. Your best option is to not read anything in the news beyond important macro info like rail traffic and oil prices and the housing markets. Just understand them in long term terms. Don't care about daily moves. Worry about long term moves and think about where things are going.
Having cash in ones pocket at all times is very important and also one of the hardest things to get yourself used to. It's hard having 25% of your cash getting 1% in a savings account but you need to know that you need that money for when a gross mispricing occurs. Then you pounce.
FWIW: I have some Jan LEAPS at the 85 strike out to 2013. I paid 22 cents each. Actually $22 per option. If JNJ gets to $100 in the next 100 days, I will have $1500 per option. That is about 1.5%-2% of my portfolio. 35% of my money is in JNJ. I paid under $60 for it on average. It's at $66 today. I've owned it 1-3 years depending on when I bought each lot. Not much annually, but it is a matter of time till it is over $90. It's gambling (timing is involved) but I am taking advantage of a mispricing that the markets seem to be finally figuring out thanks to Goldman:
Goldman on Johnson & Johnson: 'Buy'
http://blogs.wsj.com/marketbeat/2011/05/11/goldman-on-johnson-johnson-buy/?mod=google_news_blog