JupiterJones
Senior member
God does exist.
There are several philosophical proofs for this fact. Ontological, Cosmological, Mystical and Theological proofs have been discussed in philosophical circles during last milleniums.
Gödel worked on it and now mathematical proof based on the set theory and third order modal logic is available. Professor Melvin Fitting of mathematics department of The City University of New York formalized it in his book, Types, Tableaus, and Godel's God (Trends in Logic, V. 12)
It is not easy to understand the proof for unskilled mind. In fact if one attempts to understand it finds it impossible if prerequisite mathematics and logical knowledge is not gained first.
To understand the proof it is required to gain knowledge of the following subjects first. One can obtain the knowledge by reading books or choosing the easier path of going to the nearest University, Math or Philosophy departments and taking necessary logic courses. List of some necessary books that cover the prerequisites can be found in the reference section.
Prepositional logic
Predicate logic
Proof trees
Modal logic
Possible worlds semantics
Mathematical set theory
Familiarity with the following is also required but they are described in the first chapters of the book.
Third order modal logic
Classical logic basic tableaus
Classical logic higher order tableaus
Modal tableaus
Schutte logic types
This book is the final word for those who like to take the mental step to believe by mind first. Believing by heart and direct connection hopefully follows.
Other valuable references:
Introduction to logic by Prof. Roderic A. Girle
Modal logics and philosophy by Prof. Roderic A. Girle
(EDIT) - Content of this post shamelessly copied.
There are several philosophical proofs for this fact. Ontological, Cosmological, Mystical and Theological proofs have been discussed in philosophical circles during last milleniums.
Gödel worked on it and now mathematical proof based on the set theory and third order modal logic is available. Professor Melvin Fitting of mathematics department of The City University of New York formalized it in his book, Types, Tableaus, and Godel's God (Trends in Logic, V. 12)
It is not easy to understand the proof for unskilled mind. In fact if one attempts to understand it finds it impossible if prerequisite mathematics and logical knowledge is not gained first.
To understand the proof it is required to gain knowledge of the following subjects first. One can obtain the knowledge by reading books or choosing the easier path of going to the nearest University, Math or Philosophy departments and taking necessary logic courses. List of some necessary books that cover the prerequisites can be found in the reference section.
Prepositional logic
Predicate logic
Proof trees
Modal logic
Possible worlds semantics
Mathematical set theory
Familiarity with the following is also required but they are described in the first chapters of the book.
Third order modal logic
Classical logic basic tableaus
Classical logic higher order tableaus
Modal tableaus
Schutte logic types
This book is the final word for those who like to take the mental step to believe by mind first. Believing by heart and direct connection hopefully follows.
Other valuable references:
Introduction to logic by Prof. Roderic A. Girle
Modal logics and philosophy by Prof. Roderic A. Girle
(EDIT) - Content of this post shamelessly copied.
