Now this is marketing bullshit slides. But intel posted a slide saying the 2015 intel atoms are going to be 10 times faster than the 2011 intel atoms in a specific test called SPECint2000. If the tablet atom that intel was refering to is the 1.66GHz Intel Atom N570 CPU then that processor performs about 7,700 MIPS in that test. If the 2015 intel atoms are 10 times faster then that makes them 77,000 MIPS which is faster then the phenom ii amd x6 is able to perform in the same test according to intel.
Who knows real performance 3 years down the road with the intel atom. Like I said marketing bs but very tasty bs.
SPECint_rate works by running the same single threaded benchmark over several threads. It scales very well but isn't representative of real threaded workloads.
You can see in 2012 the score roughly doubles because of a move from one core (Oak Trail) to two cores (Clover Trail), a clock speed boost from 1.5GHz to 1.8GHz, and improvements in memory performance along with very minor improvements in uarch. Intel is calling a 37.5% improvement after you take out the doubling from the second core, which I find slightly optimistic based on what we've seen so far but in the right ballpark.
The huge jump in 2013 is almost definitely facilitated by a 22nm Silvermont based SoC that has 4 cores. If you divide the score by 2 to negate the core scaling you get individual cores that are about 62.5% faster (based on the size of the bar). This huge boost will be partially due to better IPC from a new uarch, but most likely also due to a clock speed increase.
In 2014 you see the "tock" to 14nm giving a 9% performance improvement, probably entirely from clock speed increase. And in 2015 you get another massive IPC improvement, presumably from more extreme uarch refinements in their tick on 14nm. But that's so far into the future (especially in 2011!) that I doubt Intel had such a clear picture of performance and was surely very roughly estimating it.
nVidia has presented projected improvement curves that look at least as stunning but I don't see anyone here gushing over them... Maybe because nVidia is already known to lie in their marketing material, but I'm not so sure I trust Intel either with their extremely ambiguous SPEC2k numbers that eschew proper submission...