With oil demand growth in 2010 accelerating to its highest pace in 30 years, the bulls have once again crashed into the oil market. The surprise rush of demand has catapulted oil prices to a 26-month high of over $90/bbl, and some market watchers are wondering how soon crude with hit $100/bbl, and questioning whether there could be a repeat of the spikes seen in 2008. The demand recovery to pre-financial crisis levels appears to be occurring earlier than expected, thanks to robust economic growth in China, India, Brazil, the Middle East, and other emerging markets. Also, both fuel consumption and economic recovery have been stronger than expected in developed nations, such as the US, the UK, and Germany.
However, analysts point out that today's market is very different from that of 2008. US commercial crude stocks are considerably higher-at 25.4 days of demand as of late Nov.-than levels seen in Dec. 2007, prior to the $140/bbl-plus price spike. Elsewhere in the industrialized world, crude stocks are adequate, and spare capacity exists. The IEA estimates that OPEC alone boasts 6.1MM b/d of unused oil production capacity, which amounts to around 7% of global crude consumption. Spare capacity in late 2007 was just 2.8MM b/d, or 3.2% of global demand.
Credit Suisse researcher Ed Morse commented on the uptick in oil prices, "What is happening reflects a series of one-off, reinforcing factors that, coupled with winter seasonality, have tightened product and crude oil markets far more than might have been expected." Morse forecasts oil prices at an average of $85/bbl in 2011. The "one-off factors" cited by the analyst include (1) a heat wave in Japan and South Korea in 3Q that boosted demand for crude and fuel oil for power generation; (2) a demand spike in China from late Oct. that saw use of diesel-powered generators climb, as the government implemented new energy-savings measures and reduced power to industry; and (3) recent strength in European heating fuel consumption on unseasonably cold weather.