LOL, one day the rightwingers call Germany a socialist dystopia with high taxes and universal healthcare and unions... the next day when we find out they're doing a lot better than us in manufacturing and have a positive trade balance, suddenly everything is too complicated to talk about, and their complaints about Germany from the previous day are all strawmen.
I lived in Germany with my German GF for a couple years. I.e., not in some expat community.
The differences are complicated and numerous, and sometimes subtle yet powerful. E.g., German unions are much different than ours.
The German education system is also much different. They've got very valuable industrial knowlege they don't learn in University. In fact some their brightest most knowlegaeble people may noy even attend a university. Trade secrets/industrial knowlege is often handed down through families and firms, it's not leaned in schools, heck schools don't even know it and couldn't teach it if they wanted.
When I was there, Germans purchased German made products. They don't think anybody elses' is worth buying. I can't think of any American products they purchased. The only American stuff they consumed was pretty much limited to our entertainment products (music, movies, TV shows).
While trade protectionism is basically illegal, they absolutley had a very powerful, yet informal, trade protectionism in place. People just don't buy foreign made stuff. It's not written in law, they just don't do it. (Limited exceptions of luxury type items like French Champagne etc.)
I found Germans to be very collective, a lot of peer/societal pressure to conform to be a "Good German". It's very powerful.
Looking at abstract and statistical data such as minimal differences in income tax rates is almost useless given the many other powerful differences we can't see from such data.
Fern