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Firefighters suing for being forced to attend gay pride parade.
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dmcowen674
No Lifer
Do you get as upset when they attend Christmas, Thanksgiving, Memorial Day, July 4th and Labor Day Parades???
You are either a troll, or a raging homophobe. Either way you have no place here. Is there any way you can nominate someone to get banned?
If you did even the slightest bit of reading on homosexuality you would see that it is extremely likely that sexual orientation is genetic. Of course you aren't actually interested in that, and even if they came out with conclusive scientific proof tomorrow I'm sure you would find a way around it mentally. You are incredibly ignorant, and you are embarassing youself.
Butterbean
Banned
HIV does impact people arround the world - but especially where hygiene practices are crude. This is why just circumcision alone lowers AIDS in Africa by over 60%. IN the US where there is better hygiene hardly anyone heterosexual gets it. In stats from 2003 the CDC showed over 60& of new AIDS cases were male homosexuals. Another 25% got AIDS from drug use - another vice. A heterosexual person in the US would have to really work at getting AIDS. Of course the homosexual mafia groups would like to see heterosexual AIDS cases increase - one reason they deperately want blood donation restrictions removed - an very selfish and sociopathic goal.
K1052
Elite Member
From everything I've read there doesn't seem to be a lot of support for the gay gene argument per se, at least as we understand basic heredity. There seems to be some support for it being a hormonal change during gestation though that could ceratinly be influenced by genetics in a way we don't understand yet.
I do however think that the cause is purely biological unlike our bigoted friend. There is no real evidence to support another conclusion at this time.
Butterbean
Banned
"Extremely likely" is meaningless as scientific proof . You have nothing substantial to quote from. There are no widely accepted, conclusive, peer reviewed, studies that show homosexuality to be genetic or otherwise a characteristic determined prior to birth. However its plain that male and female sexual organs and their purpose/use are genetically determined. Even if there was birth evidence for homosexuality (there isn't) it would have to considered a birth defect since such a "behavior" would be at odds with a persons normal genetic structure.
As for banning, unlike some of you people who seem to live here 24/7 I actually have things to do and hardly get to this place. But libs always want to silence people who have the real facts.
umbrella39
Lifer
Because I says so and I am really mad at myself!
Scientific research also shows that closest self loathers use the internets to seek out their boyfriends, let's hope you don't run into Chris Hanson.
Butterbean
Banned
This "troll" can cite facts. Here are some studies randomly culled from Google concerning homosexuality and identity disorders .
"Childhood Sexual Abuse Among Homosexual MenPrevalence and Association with Unsafe Sex"
* William R. Lenderking, PhD,
* Cheryl Wold, MPH,
* Kenneth H. Mayer, MD,
* Robert Goldstein, MPH,
* Elena Losina, MS &
* George R. Seage, III, MPH, DSc
"Of 327 homosexual and bisexual men participating in an ongoing cohort study pertaining to risk factors for HIV infection who completed a survey regarding history of sexual abuse, 116 (35.5%) reported being sexually abused as children. Those abused were more likely to have more lifetime male partners, to report more childhood stress, to have lied in the past in order to have sex, and to have had unprotected receptive anal intercourse in the past 6 months (odds ratio 2.13; 95% confidence interval 1.15?3.95). Sexual abuse remained a significant predictor of unprotected receptive anal intercourse in a logistic model adjusting for potential confounding variables."
http://www.blackwell-synergy.c...-1497.1997.012004250.x
Self-reported childhood and adolescent sexual abuse among adult homosexual bisexual men.
Doll LS, Joy D, Bartholow BN, Harrison JS, Bolan G, Douglas JM, Saltzman LE, Moss PM, Delgado W.
Division of HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA.
From May 1989 through April 1990, 1,001 adult homosexual and bisexual men attending sexually transmitted disease clinics were interviewed regarding potentially abusive sexual contacts during childhood and adolescence. Thirty-seven percent of participants reported they had been encouraged or forced to have sexual contact before age 19 with an older or more powerful partner; 94% occurred with men. Median age of the participant at first contact was 10; median age difference between partners was 11 years. Fifty-one percent involved use of force; 33% involved anal sex. Black and Hispanic men were more likely than white men to report such sexual contact. Using developmentally-based criteria to define sexual abuse, 93% of participants reporting sexual contact with an older or more powerful partner were classified as sexually abused. Our data suggest the risk of sexual abuse may be high among some male youth and increased attention should be devoted to prevention as well as early identification and treatment.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/si...0905&dopt=AbstractPlus
Comparative Data of Childhood and Adolescence Molestation in Heterosexual and Homosexual Persons
Marie E. Tomeo1, Donald I. Templer1, Susan Anderson1 and Debra Kotler1
(1) California School of Professional Psychology, Fresno, California
Abstract In research with 942 nonclinical adult participants, gay men and lesbian women reported a significantly higher rate of childhood molestation than did heterosexual men and women. Forty-six percent of the homosexual men in contrast to 7% of the heterosexual men reported homosexual molestation. Twenty-two percent of lesbian women in contrast to 1% of heterosexual women reported homosexual molestation. This research is apparently the first survey that has reported substantial homosexual molestation of girls. Suggestions for future research were offered.
http://www.springerlink.com/content/u10022r778788010/
Puerto Rican drug users experiences of physical and sexual abuse: comparisons based on sexual identities.Finlinson HA, Robles RR, Colon HM, Soto Lopez M, del Carmen Negron M, Oliver-Velez D, Deren S, Andia JF, Cant JG.
Center for Addiction Studies, School of Medicine, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamon, Puerto Rico, 00960-6032. afinlin@attglobal.net
This study integrates the results of quantitative and qualitative methods to elucidate the association between sexual identity and physical and sexual abuse among Puerto Rican drug users. A structured questionnaire was administered to 800 subjects in New York and 399 in Puerto Rico. A total of 93 subjects (7.9%) self-identified as homosexual or bisexual. Gay males were significantly more likely than heterosexual males to report first occurrence of physical abuse by a family member in childhood. Both gay and bisexual males were more likely than their heterosexual counterparts to report first experiencing unwanted sex in childhood and intimate partner physical abuse later in life. Lesbians were more likely than female heterosexuals to report unwanted sex in childhood. Qualitative data were collected through in-depth life histories with 21 subjects and suggest that gay and lesbian subjects perceive antihomosexual prejudice on the part of family members as one cause of childhood physical and sexual abuse.
PMID: 14533022 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE
http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms...users-experiences.html
Childhood gender atypicality, victimization, and PTSD among lesbian, gay, and bisexual youth.
D'Augelli AR, Grossman AH, Starks MT.
Pennsylvania State University, PA 16802, USA. ard@psu.edu
This study examined childhood gender atypicality, lifetime victimization based on sexual orientation, and current mental health, including trauma symptoms and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), among 528 lesbian, gay, and bisexual youth. Nearly 80% reported verbal victimization, 11% physical, and 9% sexual, with males reporting significantly more victimization. Victimization began, on average, at age 13. Verbal attacks occurred as early as age 6, physical attacks at 8, and sexual attacks at 9. Youth who were considered gender atypical in childhood reported more victimization and more current mental health symptoms. PTSD was found in 9% of youth and was associated with past physical victimization.
http://jiv.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/21/11/1462
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/en...ubmed_RVDocSum
Understanding childhood sexual abuse as a predictor of sexual risk-taking among men
Abstract
Objective: The prevalence and characteristics of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) among men who have sex with men (MSM), and links with sexual risk are explored. A model linking CSA and sexual risk among MSM is proposed.
Method: A telephone probability sample of urban MSM (n 5 2881) was recruited and interviewed between November 1996 and February 1998. The interview covered numerous health issues, including history of sexual victimization.
Results: One-fifth reported CSA, primarily by non-family perpetrators. Initial CSA experiences are
characterized by high levels of force (43% involved physical force/weapons), and penetrative sex
(78%; 46% reported attempted or actual anal intercourse). Such men are more likely than nevercoerced
men to engage in high risk sex (unprotected anal intercourse with a non-primary partner or
with a serodiscordant male). In multivariate analyses, the effect of childhood sexual coercion on
sexual risk is mediated by substance use, patterns of sexual contacts, and partner violence, but not by
adult sexual revictimization or by depression.
Conclusions:
Our study confirms and extends prior research indicating high prevalence levels of
childhood sexual abuse (CSA) among MSM. Such prevalence levels might be higher if we
had elicited data about experiences involving only non-contact sexual victimization (i.e.,
sexual exposure or exhibitionism). Overall, these men?s CSA experiences were characterizedby high levels of penetrative sex, physical force, and perceptions of these events as distressing. A substantial subgroup reported multiple perpetrators and/or having been sexually coerced by a perpetrator over an extended period of time. These findings suggest that a large segment of the MSM population has been subjected to potentially severe CSA trauma
http://www.mnaidsproject.org/p...ms/stall/Childhood.pdf
Pervasive effects of childhood sexual abuse in lesbians' recovery from alcohol problems.
Hall JM.
Health Maintenance Department, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee School of Nursing, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, USA.
In narratives of 35 lesbians in alcohol recovery, 46% unexpectedly disclosed having survived childhood sexual abuse (CSA), linking it with addiction and recovery experiences. This subgroup described unbounded difficulties that pervaded their lives well into recovery. They reported multiple addictions, self-harm, isolation, sexual problems, depression, self-loathing, physical illness, and inability to work more often than did other participants. Those not reporting CSA were more socially and occupationally stable, self-satisfied, and physically well in recovery; their alcohol problems seemed circumscribed and responsive to conventional intervention. Conclusions indicate that CSA history may foster health risks that complicate alcohol recovery, necessitating more comprehensive clinical attention.
http://www.lesbianinformationservice.org/abuseabs.htm
"Childhood Sexual Abuse Among Homosexual MenPrevalence and Association with Unsafe Sex"
* William R. Lenderking, PhD,
* Cheryl Wold, MPH,
* Kenneth H. Mayer, MD,
* Robert Goldstein, MPH,
* Elena Losina, MS &
* George R. Seage, III, MPH, DSc
"Of 327 homosexual and bisexual men participating in an ongoing cohort study pertaining to risk factors for HIV infection who completed a survey regarding history of sexual abuse, 116 (35.5%) reported being sexually abused as children. Those abused were more likely to have more lifetime male partners, to report more childhood stress, to have lied in the past in order to have sex, and to have had unprotected receptive anal intercourse in the past 6 months (odds ratio 2.13; 95% confidence interval 1.15?3.95). Sexual abuse remained a significant predictor of unprotected receptive anal intercourse in a logistic model adjusting for potential confounding variables."
http://www.blackwell-synergy.c...-1497.1997.012004250.x
Self-reported childhood and adolescent sexual abuse among adult homosexual bisexual men.
Doll LS, Joy D, Bartholow BN, Harrison JS, Bolan G, Douglas JM, Saltzman LE, Moss PM, Delgado W.
Division of HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA.
From May 1989 through April 1990, 1,001 adult homosexual and bisexual men attending sexually transmitted disease clinics were interviewed regarding potentially abusive sexual contacts during childhood and adolescence. Thirty-seven percent of participants reported they had been encouraged or forced to have sexual contact before age 19 with an older or more powerful partner; 94% occurred with men. Median age of the participant at first contact was 10; median age difference between partners was 11 years. Fifty-one percent involved use of force; 33% involved anal sex. Black and Hispanic men were more likely than white men to report such sexual contact. Using developmentally-based criteria to define sexual abuse, 93% of participants reporting sexual contact with an older or more powerful partner were classified as sexually abused. Our data suggest the risk of sexual abuse may be high among some male youth and increased attention should be devoted to prevention as well as early identification and treatment.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/si...0905&dopt=AbstractPlus
Comparative Data of Childhood and Adolescence Molestation in Heterosexual and Homosexual Persons
Marie E. Tomeo1, Donald I. Templer1, Susan Anderson1 and Debra Kotler1
(1) California School of Professional Psychology, Fresno, California
Abstract In research with 942 nonclinical adult participants, gay men and lesbian women reported a significantly higher rate of childhood molestation than did heterosexual men and women. Forty-six percent of the homosexual men in contrast to 7% of the heterosexual men reported homosexual molestation. Twenty-two percent of lesbian women in contrast to 1% of heterosexual women reported homosexual molestation. This research is apparently the first survey that has reported substantial homosexual molestation of girls. Suggestions for future research were offered.
http://www.springerlink.com/content/u10022r778788010/
Puerto Rican drug users experiences of physical and sexual abuse: comparisons based on sexual identities.Finlinson HA, Robles RR, Colon HM, Soto Lopez M, del Carmen Negron M, Oliver-Velez D, Deren S, Andia JF, Cant JG.
Center for Addiction Studies, School of Medicine, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamon, Puerto Rico, 00960-6032. afinlin@attglobal.net
This study integrates the results of quantitative and qualitative methods to elucidate the association between sexual identity and physical and sexual abuse among Puerto Rican drug users. A structured questionnaire was administered to 800 subjects in New York and 399 in Puerto Rico. A total of 93 subjects (7.9%) self-identified as homosexual or bisexual. Gay males were significantly more likely than heterosexual males to report first occurrence of physical abuse by a family member in childhood. Both gay and bisexual males were more likely than their heterosexual counterparts to report first experiencing unwanted sex in childhood and intimate partner physical abuse later in life. Lesbians were more likely than female heterosexuals to report unwanted sex in childhood. Qualitative data were collected through in-depth life histories with 21 subjects and suggest that gay and lesbian subjects perceive antihomosexual prejudice on the part of family members as one cause of childhood physical and sexual abuse.
PMID: 14533022 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE
http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms...users-experiences.html
Childhood gender atypicality, victimization, and PTSD among lesbian, gay, and bisexual youth.
D'Augelli AR, Grossman AH, Starks MT.
Pennsylvania State University, PA 16802, USA. ard@psu.edu
This study examined childhood gender atypicality, lifetime victimization based on sexual orientation, and current mental health, including trauma symptoms and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), among 528 lesbian, gay, and bisexual youth. Nearly 80% reported verbal victimization, 11% physical, and 9% sexual, with males reporting significantly more victimization. Victimization began, on average, at age 13. Verbal attacks occurred as early as age 6, physical attacks at 8, and sexual attacks at 9. Youth who were considered gender atypical in childhood reported more victimization and more current mental health symptoms. PTSD was found in 9% of youth and was associated with past physical victimization.
http://jiv.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/21/11/1462
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/en...ubmed_RVDocSum
Understanding childhood sexual abuse as a predictor of sexual risk-taking among men
Abstract
Objective: The prevalence and characteristics of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) among men who have sex with men (MSM), and links with sexual risk are explored. A model linking CSA and sexual risk among MSM is proposed.
Method: A telephone probability sample of urban MSM (n 5 2881) was recruited and interviewed between November 1996 and February 1998. The interview covered numerous health issues, including history of sexual victimization.
Results: One-fifth reported CSA, primarily by non-family perpetrators. Initial CSA experiences are
characterized by high levels of force (43% involved physical force/weapons), and penetrative sex
(78%; 46% reported attempted or actual anal intercourse). Such men are more likely than nevercoerced
men to engage in high risk sex (unprotected anal intercourse with a non-primary partner or
with a serodiscordant male). In multivariate analyses, the effect of childhood sexual coercion on
sexual risk is mediated by substance use, patterns of sexual contacts, and partner violence, but not by
adult sexual revictimization or by depression.
Conclusions:
Our study confirms and extends prior research indicating high prevalence levels of
childhood sexual abuse (CSA) among MSM. Such prevalence levels might be higher if we
had elicited data about experiences involving only non-contact sexual victimization (i.e.,
sexual exposure or exhibitionism). Overall, these men?s CSA experiences were characterizedby high levels of penetrative sex, physical force, and perceptions of these events as distressing. A substantial subgroup reported multiple perpetrators and/or having been sexually coerced by a perpetrator over an extended period of time. These findings suggest that a large segment of the MSM population has been subjected to potentially severe CSA trauma
http://www.mnaidsproject.org/p...ms/stall/Childhood.pdf
Pervasive effects of childhood sexual abuse in lesbians' recovery from alcohol problems.
Hall JM.
Health Maintenance Department, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee School of Nursing, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, USA.
In narratives of 35 lesbians in alcohol recovery, 46% unexpectedly disclosed having survived childhood sexual abuse (CSA), linking it with addiction and recovery experiences. This subgroup described unbounded difficulties that pervaded their lives well into recovery. They reported multiple addictions, self-harm, isolation, sexual problems, depression, self-loathing, physical illness, and inability to work more often than did other participants. Those not reporting CSA were more socially and occupationally stable, self-satisfied, and physically well in recovery; their alcohol problems seemed circumscribed and responsive to conventional intervention. Conclusions indicate that CSA history may foster health risks that complicate alcohol recovery, necessitating more comprehensive clinical attention.
http://www.lesbianinformationservice.org/abuseabs.htm
"Extremely likely" is meaningless as scientific proof . You have nothing substantial to quote from. There are no widely accepted, conclusive, peer reviewed, studies that show homosexuality to be genetic or otherwise a characteristic determined prior to birth. However its plain that male and female sexual organs and their purpose/use are genetically determined. Even if there was birth evidence for homosexuality (there isn't) it would have to considered a birth defect since such a "behavior" would be at odds with a persons normal genetic structure.
As for banning, unlike some of you people who seem to live here 24/7 I actually have things to do and hardly get to this place. But libs always want to silence people who have the real facts.[/quote]
Why is your position the default one that must be disproven? As mentioned above there are actually several studies about homosexuality in animals (which we are) that offer very strong support for the same theory in humans.
Not that you care or anything, but here's a good link to an article about it. Seattle Times
Butterbean
Banned
Sure lots of people get abused. Its just that in homosexual people its much higher. 30 - 35 percent is average. Some studies show 1 in 2. Again this isn't to fault the kid. Ask people here their backgrounds and you find th abuses/famliy parent issues are almost always there.
"Gender Identity Disorder is a condition in which a person has been assigned one gender on the basis of their sex at birth, but identifies as belonging to another gender, and feels significant discomfort or being unable to deal with this condition. Its only considered a disorder that needs treatment if its interfering with a persons life because they are so distressed about it. It has NOTHING to do with homosexuality."
Well homosexual political groups link it in. Plus there are studies show many if not most become homosexual anyway:
Gender identity in childhood and later sexual orientation: follow-up of 78 males
R Green
Two groups of males were evaluated on parameters of gender identity, initially in boyhood and later in adolescence or young adulthood. One group was composed of 66 clinically referred boys whose behaviors were consistent with the diagnosis of gender identity disorder of childhood. The other group consisted of 56 volunteers selected on the basis of demographic matching. Two-thirds of each group were reevaluated for sexual orientation; 30 of the 44 who previously had shown extensive cross-gender behavior and none of the 34 in the comparison group were bisexually or homosexually oriented"
http://ajp.psychiatryonline.or...ent/abstract/142/3/339
The criteria aren't all about "discomfort" either. Keep in mind the DSM once dropped Pedophilia as a disorder saying it was only a disorder if the perp felt guilty. They had to put diagnosis back in following the uproar. These psychological associations are very political and dismiss , create or fudegr science all the time. Anyway here is GID criteria and studies linked:
Diagnostic criteria
DSM-IV
The current edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders has five criteria that must be met before a diagnosis of Gender Identity Disorder (302.85) can be given: [1]
1. There must be evidence of a strong and persistent cross-gender identification.
2. This cross-gender identification must not merely be a desire for any perceived cultural advantages of being the other sex.
3. There must also be evidence of persistent discomfort about one's assigned sex or a sense of inappropriateness in the gender role of that sex.
4. The individual must not have a concurrent physical intersex condition (e.g., androgen insensitivity syndrome or congenital adrenal hyperplasia).
5. There must be evidence of clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
The DSM-IV also provides a code for gender disorders that did not fall into these criteria. This diagnosis of Gender Identity Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (GIDNOS, 302.6) is similar to other "NOS" diagnoses, and can be given for, for example: [2]
1. Intersex conditions (e.g., androgen insensitivity syndrome or congenital adrenal hyperplasia) and accompanying gender dysphoria
2. Transient, stress-related cross-dressing behavior
3. Persistent preoccupation with castration or penectomy without a desire to acquire the sex characteristics of the other sex, which is known as skoptic syndrome
ICD-10
Gender Identity Disorder
The current edition of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems has five different diagnoses for gender identity disorder: transsexualism, Dual-role Transvestism, Gender Identity Disorder of Childhood, Other Gender Identity Disorders, and Gender Identity Disorder, Unspecified. [3]
Transsexualism has the following criteria:
* The desire to live and be accepted as a member of the opposite sex, usually accompanied by the wish to make his or her body as congruent as possible with the preferred sex through surgery and hormone treatment.
* The transsexual identity has been present persistently for at least two years.
* The disorder is not a symptom of another mental disorder or a chromosomal abnormality.
Dual-role transvestism has the following criteria:
* The individual wears clothes of the opposite sex in order to experience temporary membership in the opposite sex.
* There is no sexual motivation for the cross-dressing.
* The individual has no desire for a permanent change to the opposite sex.
Gender Identity Disorder of Childhood has essentially four criteria, which may be summarised as:
* The individual is persistently and intensely distressed about being a girl/boy, and desires (or claims) to be of the opposite gender.
* The individual is preoccupied with the clothing, roles or anatomy of the opposite sex/gender, or rejects the clothing, roles, or anatomy of his/her birth sex/gender.
* The individual has not yet reached puberty.
* The disorder must have been present for at least 6 months.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/q...&dopt=Citation
Mothers of boys with gender identity disorder: a comparison of matched controls.Marantz S, Coates S.
Clinical Services, Comprehensive Rehabilitation Consultants, New York City, NY.
This pilot study compared mothers of boys with gender identity disorder (GID) with mothers of normal boys to determine whether differences in psychopathology and child-rearing attitudes and practices could be identified. Results of the Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines and the Beck Depression Inventory revealed that mothers of boys with GID had more symptoms of depression and more often met the criteria for Borderline Personality Disorder than the controls. Fifty-three percent of the mothers of boys with GID compared with only 6% of controls met the diagnosis for Borderline Personality Disorder on the Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines or had symptoms of depression on the Beck Depression Inventory. Results of the Summers and Walsh Symbiosis Scale suggested that mothers of probands had child-rearing attitudes and practices that encouraged symbiosis and discouraged the development of autonomy.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/q...t_uids=8682760
Traits of separation anxiety in boys with gender identity disorder.Zucker KJ, Bradley SJ, Lowry Sullivan CB.
Child and Adolescent Gender Identity Clinic, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the presence of traits of separation anxiety disorder in boys referred clinically for gender identity disorder. METHOD: One hundred fifteen boys were referred to a specialty clinic for concerns about their gender identity development. They were divided into two subgroups: one group met the complete diagnostic criteria for gender identity disorder; the other group did not meet the complete diagnostic criteria. The mothers of the boys were administered a structured interview schedule pertaining to separation anxiety disorder according to DSM-III criteria. RESULTS: A conservative definition of separation anxiety disorder showed no significant association with gender identity disorder; however, a liberal definition of separation anxiety disorder showed that it occurred significantly more often in the subgroup of boys who met the complete criteria for gender identity disorder than in the subgroup who did not meet the complete criteria (64.4% versus 38.1%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Boys with gender identity disorder show a high rate of co-occurring traits of separation anxiety. Reasons for this linkage require additional empirical study.
http://www.jaacap.com/pt/re/ja...kP9xTw7vV2787WcpnbQKyp!-1036009586!181195628!8091!-1
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Adoptee overrepresentation among clinic-referred boys with gender identity disorder.Zucker KJ, Bradley SJ.
Child and Adolescent Gender Identity Clinic, Clarke Institute of Psychiatry, Toronto, Ontario. ZUCKERK@cs.clarke-inst.on.ca
OBJECTIVES: To test the hypothesis that adoptees are overrepresented among a sample of clinic-referred boys with gender identity problems (N = 238). To compare the adoptees and nonadoptees on demographic, behaviour problem, and gender-typed measures. METHOD: The percentage of clinic-referred boys with gender identity problems adopted in the first 2 years of life ("early adoptees") was compared to the base rate of boys adopted in Ontario. Parent-report and behavioural measures were used to compare the early adoptees with "late adoptees" (adopted after the second year of life) and nonadoptees. RESULTS: The percentage of boys with gender identity problems who were early adoptees (7.6%) was significantly higher than the base rate of males adopted in Ontario in the first 2 years of life (1.5%). Both the early and late adoptees were significantly less intelligent than the nonadoptees. The early adoptees also had significantly higher externalizing T scores on the Child Behavior Checklist than did the late adoptees and the nonadoptees. The 3 groups did not differ in the percentage who met the complete Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) criteria for gender identity disorder and on 4 other measures of gender-typed behaviour. CONCLUSION: Adoptees are overrepresented among clinic-referred boys with gender identity problems. The reasons for this finding are not clear but may be accounted for by general risk factors that increase the likelihood of clinical referral or by psychosocial and biological factors associated with adoption.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/si...8571&dopt=AbstractPlus
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sex differences in referral rates of children with gender identity disorder: some hypotheses.Zucker KJ, Bradley SJ, Sanikhani M.
Clarke Institute of Psychiatry, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
From 1978 through 1995, a sex ratio of 6.6:1 of boys to girls (N = 275) was observed for children referred to a specificity clinic for gender identity disorder. This article attempts to evaluate several hypotheses regarding the marked sex disparity in referral rates. The sexes did not differ on four demographic variables (age at referral, IQ, and parent's social class and marital status) and on five indices of general behavior problems on the Child Behavior Checklist; in addition, there was only equivocal evidence that boys with gender identity disorder had significantly poorer peer relations than girls with gender identity disorder. Although the percentage of boys and girls who met the complete DSM-III-R criteria for gender identity disorder was comparable, other measures of sex-typed behavior showed that the girls had more extreme cross-gender behavior than the boys. Coupled with external evidence that cross-gender behavior is less tolerated in boys than in girls by both peers and adults, it is concluded that social factors partly account for the sex difference in referral rates. Girls appear to require a higher threshold than boys for cross-gender behavior before they are referred for clinical assessment.
PMID: 9212374 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/si...2374&dopt=AbstractPlus
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Stoller (1968) has described particular family
constellations associated with gender identity
disorders in boys and girls. For boys, he suggests
there is an overclose relationship with the mother
and a distant father. For girls, he suggests a
depressed mother during the early months of the
child?s life and a father who is absent and does not
support the mother, but encourages the child to
assuage the mother?s depression
http://apt.rcpsych.org/cgi/reprint/6/6/458.pdf
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Gender Identity Disorder in Boys: The Interface of Constitution and Early Experience
Susan W. Coates, Ph.D. and Sabrina M. Wolfe, Ph.D.
Gender Identity Disorder (GID) of childhood is a very rare syndrome, first classified in DSM-III, characterized by a persistent and determined wish to be the opposite gender coupled with an intense dislike of one's own gender. Boys with the syndrome are referred for clinical evaluation far more frequently than girls by a ratio of approximately 5 to 1 (Zucker and Green, 1992). The onset of the disorder almost invariably occurs during the ages of 2 to 4, and once established, it is surprisingly stable and usually proves refractory to all but the most intensive psychodynamic and family interventions. Extensive biomedical research has failed to document any chromosomal or hormonal abnormalities associated with the disorder.
Typical is the case of Colin, a 3-year-old boy reported in detail elsewhere (Coates, Friedman, and Wolfe, 1991). Colin had frequently dressed in his mother's clothes since the age of 2. He was intensely interested in jewelry and makeup and would spend long p
http://www.pep-web.org/document.php?id=pi.015.0006a
"Gender Identity Disorder is a condition in which a person has been assigned one gender on the basis of their sex at birth, but identifies as belonging to another gender, and feels significant discomfort or being unable to deal with this condition. Its only considered a disorder that needs treatment if its interfering with a persons life because they are so distressed about it. It has NOTHING to do with homosexuality."
Well homosexual political groups link it in. Plus there are studies show many if not most become homosexual anyway:
Gender identity in childhood and later sexual orientation: follow-up of 78 males
R Green
Two groups of males were evaluated on parameters of gender identity, initially in boyhood and later in adolescence or young adulthood. One group was composed of 66 clinically referred boys whose behaviors were consistent with the diagnosis of gender identity disorder of childhood. The other group consisted of 56 volunteers selected on the basis of demographic matching. Two-thirds of each group were reevaluated for sexual orientation; 30 of the 44 who previously had shown extensive cross-gender behavior and none of the 34 in the comparison group were bisexually or homosexually oriented"
http://ajp.psychiatryonline.or...ent/abstract/142/3/339
The criteria aren't all about "discomfort" either. Keep in mind the DSM once dropped Pedophilia as a disorder saying it was only a disorder if the perp felt guilty. They had to put diagnosis back in following the uproar. These psychological associations are very political and dismiss , create or fudegr science all the time. Anyway here is GID criteria and studies linked:
Diagnostic criteria
DSM-IV
The current edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders has five criteria that must be met before a diagnosis of Gender Identity Disorder (302.85) can be given: [1]
1. There must be evidence of a strong and persistent cross-gender identification.
2. This cross-gender identification must not merely be a desire for any perceived cultural advantages of being the other sex.
3. There must also be evidence of persistent discomfort about one's assigned sex or a sense of inappropriateness in the gender role of that sex.
4. The individual must not have a concurrent physical intersex condition (e.g., androgen insensitivity syndrome or congenital adrenal hyperplasia).
5. There must be evidence of clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
The DSM-IV also provides a code for gender disorders that did not fall into these criteria. This diagnosis of Gender Identity Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (GIDNOS, 302.6) is similar to other "NOS" diagnoses, and can be given for, for example: [2]
1. Intersex conditions (e.g., androgen insensitivity syndrome or congenital adrenal hyperplasia) and accompanying gender dysphoria
2. Transient, stress-related cross-dressing behavior
3. Persistent preoccupation with castration or penectomy without a desire to acquire the sex characteristics of the other sex, which is known as skoptic syndrome
ICD-10
Gender Identity Disorder
The current edition of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems has five different diagnoses for gender identity disorder: transsexualism, Dual-role Transvestism, Gender Identity Disorder of Childhood, Other Gender Identity Disorders, and Gender Identity Disorder, Unspecified. [3]
Transsexualism has the following criteria:
* The desire to live and be accepted as a member of the opposite sex, usually accompanied by the wish to make his or her body as congruent as possible with the preferred sex through surgery and hormone treatment.
* The transsexual identity has been present persistently for at least two years.
* The disorder is not a symptom of another mental disorder or a chromosomal abnormality.
Dual-role transvestism has the following criteria:
* The individual wears clothes of the opposite sex in order to experience temporary membership in the opposite sex.
* There is no sexual motivation for the cross-dressing.
* The individual has no desire for a permanent change to the opposite sex.
Gender Identity Disorder of Childhood has essentially four criteria, which may be summarised as:
* The individual is persistently and intensely distressed about being a girl/boy, and desires (or claims) to be of the opposite gender.
* The individual is preoccupied with the clothing, roles or anatomy of the opposite sex/gender, or rejects the clothing, roles, or anatomy of his/her birth sex/gender.
* The individual has not yet reached puberty.
* The disorder must have been present for at least 6 months.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/q...&dopt=Citation
Mothers of boys with gender identity disorder: a comparison of matched controls.Marantz S, Coates S.
Clinical Services, Comprehensive Rehabilitation Consultants, New York City, NY.
This pilot study compared mothers of boys with gender identity disorder (GID) with mothers of normal boys to determine whether differences in psychopathology and child-rearing attitudes and practices could be identified. Results of the Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines and the Beck Depression Inventory revealed that mothers of boys with GID had more symptoms of depression and more often met the criteria for Borderline Personality Disorder than the controls. Fifty-three percent of the mothers of boys with GID compared with only 6% of controls met the diagnosis for Borderline Personality Disorder on the Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines or had symptoms of depression on the Beck Depression Inventory. Results of the Summers and Walsh Symbiosis Scale suggested that mothers of probands had child-rearing attitudes and practices that encouraged symbiosis and discouraged the development of autonomy.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/q...t_uids=8682760
Traits of separation anxiety in boys with gender identity disorder.Zucker KJ, Bradley SJ, Lowry Sullivan CB.
Child and Adolescent Gender Identity Clinic, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the presence of traits of separation anxiety disorder in boys referred clinically for gender identity disorder. METHOD: One hundred fifteen boys were referred to a specialty clinic for concerns about their gender identity development. They were divided into two subgroups: one group met the complete diagnostic criteria for gender identity disorder; the other group did not meet the complete diagnostic criteria. The mothers of the boys were administered a structured interview schedule pertaining to separation anxiety disorder according to DSM-III criteria. RESULTS: A conservative definition of separation anxiety disorder showed no significant association with gender identity disorder; however, a liberal definition of separation anxiety disorder showed that it occurred significantly more often in the subgroup of boys who met the complete criteria for gender identity disorder than in the subgroup who did not meet the complete criteria (64.4% versus 38.1%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Boys with gender identity disorder show a high rate of co-occurring traits of separation anxiety. Reasons for this linkage require additional empirical study.
http://www.jaacap.com/pt/re/ja...kP9xTw7vV2787WcpnbQKyp!-1036009586!181195628!8091!-1
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Adoptee overrepresentation among clinic-referred boys with gender identity disorder.Zucker KJ, Bradley SJ.
Child and Adolescent Gender Identity Clinic, Clarke Institute of Psychiatry, Toronto, Ontario. ZUCKERK@cs.clarke-inst.on.ca
OBJECTIVES: To test the hypothesis that adoptees are overrepresented among a sample of clinic-referred boys with gender identity problems (N = 238). To compare the adoptees and nonadoptees on demographic, behaviour problem, and gender-typed measures. METHOD: The percentage of clinic-referred boys with gender identity problems adopted in the first 2 years of life ("early adoptees") was compared to the base rate of boys adopted in Ontario. Parent-report and behavioural measures were used to compare the early adoptees with "late adoptees" (adopted after the second year of life) and nonadoptees. RESULTS: The percentage of boys with gender identity problems who were early adoptees (7.6%) was significantly higher than the base rate of males adopted in Ontario in the first 2 years of life (1.5%). Both the early and late adoptees were significantly less intelligent than the nonadoptees. The early adoptees also had significantly higher externalizing T scores on the Child Behavior Checklist than did the late adoptees and the nonadoptees. The 3 groups did not differ in the percentage who met the complete Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) criteria for gender identity disorder and on 4 other measures of gender-typed behaviour. CONCLUSION: Adoptees are overrepresented among clinic-referred boys with gender identity problems. The reasons for this finding are not clear but may be accounted for by general risk factors that increase the likelihood of clinical referral or by psychosocial and biological factors associated with adoption.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/si...8571&dopt=AbstractPlus
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sex differences in referral rates of children with gender identity disorder: some hypotheses.Zucker KJ, Bradley SJ, Sanikhani M.
Clarke Institute of Psychiatry, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
From 1978 through 1995, a sex ratio of 6.6:1 of boys to girls (N = 275) was observed for children referred to a specificity clinic for gender identity disorder. This article attempts to evaluate several hypotheses regarding the marked sex disparity in referral rates. The sexes did not differ on four demographic variables (age at referral, IQ, and parent's social class and marital status) and on five indices of general behavior problems on the Child Behavior Checklist; in addition, there was only equivocal evidence that boys with gender identity disorder had significantly poorer peer relations than girls with gender identity disorder. Although the percentage of boys and girls who met the complete DSM-III-R criteria for gender identity disorder was comparable, other measures of sex-typed behavior showed that the girls had more extreme cross-gender behavior than the boys. Coupled with external evidence that cross-gender behavior is less tolerated in boys than in girls by both peers and adults, it is concluded that social factors partly account for the sex difference in referral rates. Girls appear to require a higher threshold than boys for cross-gender behavior before they are referred for clinical assessment.
PMID: 9212374 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/si...2374&dopt=AbstractPlus
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Stoller (1968) has described particular family
constellations associated with gender identity
disorders in boys and girls. For boys, he suggests
there is an overclose relationship with the mother
and a distant father. For girls, he suggests a
depressed mother during the early months of the
child?s life and a father who is absent and does not
support the mother, but encourages the child to
assuage the mother?s depression
http://apt.rcpsych.org/cgi/reprint/6/6/458.pdf
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Gender Identity Disorder in Boys: The Interface of Constitution and Early Experience
Susan W. Coates, Ph.D. and Sabrina M. Wolfe, Ph.D.
Gender Identity Disorder (GID) of childhood is a very rare syndrome, first classified in DSM-III, characterized by a persistent and determined wish to be the opposite gender coupled with an intense dislike of one's own gender. Boys with the syndrome are referred for clinical evaluation far more frequently than girls by a ratio of approximately 5 to 1 (Zucker and Green, 1992). The onset of the disorder almost invariably occurs during the ages of 2 to 4, and once established, it is surprisingly stable and usually proves refractory to all but the most intensive psychodynamic and family interventions. Extensive biomedical research has failed to document any chromosomal or hormonal abnormalities associated with the disorder.
Typical is the case of Colin, a 3-year-old boy reported in detail elsewhere (Coates, Friedman, and Wolfe, 1991). Colin had frequently dressed in his mother's clothes since the age of 2. He was intensely interested in jewelry and makeup and would spend long p
http://www.pep-web.org/document.php?id=pi.015.0006a
umbrella39
Lifer
So anyway, back on topic, has anyone checked up on these poor firefighters lately? Have they turned gay yet? Man, thank God I wasn't forced into that big truck, weaving and dodging all those gay words coming out of their gay mouths down that gay street. Some of those taunts must have stuck, no? Perhaps they are all wearing more comfortable shoes now? Maybe sliding down the pole has a whole new meaning to these brave firefighters?
Butterbean
Banned
:
As far as "homophobia" is concerned, the homosexual political groups realised they went the wrong way trying to make it a disorder because it made it harder to pressure people for having a disorder instead of making a choice. Now the studies show there never was "fear" but "disgust" instead.
No fear factor in 'homophobia,' study claims
Researchers say anti-gay prejudice rooted in disgust, 'contamination'
concerns
Bunmi Olatunji, lead author of a University of Arkansas study on the word 'homophobia,' says the term is often used inaccurately when describing prejudice.
By KEITH TAYLOR
FAYETTEVILLE, Ark. -- Call it what you will, but hostility toward gay men and lesbians is not homophobia, University of Arkansas researchers concluded in a new study.
The word "homophobia," commonly used to describe anti-gay prejudice, is technically a misnomer, the researchers reported in early June. Homophobia is not actually a fear, and therefore it should not be "pathologized," or treated as a disease would be treated, said doctoral student Bunmi Olatunji, lead author of the study.
University of Arkansas researchers were able to demonstrate through statistical analysis that the concept usually described as "homophobia" originates from feelings of disgust, Olatunji said in a telephone interview Tuesday. A true phobia is derived from fear or anxiety, he said.
Olatunji said that anti-gay hostility is a prejudicial attitude more closely resembling racism than a phobia. The researchers offered no substitute for the word "homophobia," although Olatunji said some of the feedback he had received suggested "homonegativism" might be more accurate.
http://tampabaycoalition.homes...ophobiaStudyClaims.htm
As far as "homophobia" is concerned, the homosexual political groups realised they went the wrong way trying to make it a disorder because it made it harder to pressure people for having a disorder instead of making a choice. Now the studies show there never was "fear" but "disgust" instead.
No fear factor in 'homophobia,' study claims
Researchers say anti-gay prejudice rooted in disgust, 'contamination'
concerns
Bunmi Olatunji, lead author of a University of Arkansas study on the word 'homophobia,' says the term is often used inaccurately when describing prejudice.
By KEITH TAYLOR
FAYETTEVILLE, Ark. -- Call it what you will, but hostility toward gay men and lesbians is not homophobia, University of Arkansas researchers concluded in a new study.
The word "homophobia," commonly used to describe anti-gay prejudice, is technically a misnomer, the researchers reported in early June. Homophobia is not actually a fear, and therefore it should not be "pathologized," or treated as a disease would be treated, said doctoral student Bunmi Olatunji, lead author of the study.
University of Arkansas researchers were able to demonstrate through statistical analysis that the concept usually described as "homophobia" originates from feelings of disgust, Olatunji said in a telephone interview Tuesday. A true phobia is derived from fear or anxiety, he said.
Olatunji said that anti-gay hostility is a prejudicial attitude more closely resembling racism than a phobia. The researchers offered no substitute for the word "homophobia," although Olatunji said some of the feedback he had received suggested "homonegativism" might be more accurate.
http://tampabaycoalition.homes...ophobiaStudyClaims.htm
Butterbean
Banned
Actually they all do. Some people have denial issues though. Homosexuality is a disorder The "Emperor is naked" so to speak. It's brainwashing to try to make people think homosexuality is normal. This is why homosexual groups target/pressure the young the most. The homosexual grouops try to make up their own studies to counter real ones but they are easily seen for what they are to any objective person. Science is being terribly corrupted by agenda groups. People are waking up though. Lesbians forcing guys to attend deviant sex parades actually helps.
Butterbean
Banned
Another non-reply correctly taken as a sign of feeble capitulation.
umbrella39
Lifer
Riprorin? Is that you? You need a tinfoil hat to go along with that paranoia. Anyone who thinks they is a grassroots movement in the gay community to recruit young gay soldiers needs to pull their head out of their ass along with Ben Wa balls that are up there.
dmcowen674
No Lifer
This brings a whole new light to "Macho Man" :laugh:
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