The issue here is the conflation of personal income tax rates and corporate rates, a Republican favorite. Few are advocating increased corporate rates except wrt provisions that allow very large corporations to pay very low taxes, which gives them greater advantage over smaller entities.
Once money passes from corporate coffers to individuals, incentives and options change. Things really get turned upside down in the current environment, which is a liquidity trap. Demand is low & growth unlikely until that changes, and it won't change until either the enormous debt of the ownership society is paid down or some force other than private enterprise creates employment & demand. Very low returns mean that investors see no reason to risk after tax money in anything other than treasuries. For the purposes of the general economy, much of money flowing to the investor class might as well be getting burned, because it currently ceases to circulate once they get it. Raising their personal taxes will mean that govt has more revenue, which is currently at historical lows, and that fewer treasuries will be available, forcing investors to either just hold cash or to risk.
Which dovetails nicely with the demands of Repubs to enforce austerity, which will create deflation. There's more than one way to get a real return in a deflationary scenario, one of which is to just sit on liquidity as it gains purchasing power. The greater the deflation, the tighter they'll hold onto their money, creating a debt deflation spiral, as in the early 1930's.
I think there's some merit to ending corporate taxes entirely & taxing all income at the same progressive rates, regardless of source. It changes the whole dynamic, and the rhetoric, as well. No more flimflam pitch about double taxation, and no more holding profits offshore to avoid corporate taxes. No more having corporate headquarters as a post office box in the Caymans. Stockholders wouldn't stand for it. It's one thing for corporate management to say they're holding out on the IRS, another entirely when they're just holding out on the stockholders who'd be paying higher rates on their own dividend income.