There's a decent case that this is largely driven by racism. Low income whites often oppose social welfare spending based in significant part because they think it helps undeserving minorities, even though low income whites are the primary beneficiaries. This is how you end up with a place like West Virginia voting overwhelmingly to effectively cut its own throat.
There's some good research that indicates this kind of tribalism screws up the ability for the government to effectively provide a social safety net. There's also a lot of anecdotal evidence you can get just from looking at news reports on why people oppose social spending. It's very often because of some imagined lazy person scamming the system. When asked to describe those lazy people they sure sound a lot like black people.