Originally posted by: OREOSpeedwagon
I haven't heard of the anthropic principle but it does sound interesting. I guess I just can't fathom the idea that everything is here and working together in nature by pure chance. The human body is so complex that how could it really come from nothing? How is it that humans are capable of so much more than any other organism? Sure a gorilla can learn 1000 words, but can you teach it basic architecture and within 100 years could they be building skyscrapers? I don't really think so.
As is usually said then - God is supposedly incredibly more complex than us. How could such an entity come from nothing?
I've read that humans are a sort of freak of nature, that our minds are larger than they needed to be to ensure survival. But such things happen sometimes. Nature occasionally does screwy things. Sometimes they work out, and the species thrives as a result, sometimes not, and the species comes to an end.
We have the capacity to be sentient, and self-aware. We have written language too, which allows us to organize our way of thinking. Animals think in terms of feelings. They don't always have good ways of quantifying their knowledge. There are also no good ways of passing it on, or storing it. One animal teaches another, directly. Humans, through writing, can communicate to many others at the same time. Read a book, and you're absorbing information from someone you've likely never seen. At the same time, thousands of others can partake of this information as well.
The introduction of books allowed for an incredible acceleration in the rate at which we could learn. Before that, you may have had leaflets, or single sheets of parchment. You can't store much information on such things. Books allowed for a compact method of transmitting huge quantities of data.
Today we continue that tradition of compacting information. Now a small hard drive could store a vast amount of knowledge, such as an entire K-12 curriculum, as well as more than enough material necessary to teach it.
You view the human body as complex, because you see the "end result." You see the work of billions of years of biological evolution, all in one convenient package. Yeah, that will look complex. You also view it on a human timescale. We naturally associate periods of time with our own daily lives, or our own short lifespans. Nature operates in terms of eons, millions of years, billions upon billions of generations of life forms, each generation bringing with it minute genetic changes.
It is also not purely random chance that we came to be this way. There are guiding laws in nature that bring about what we perceive as "order." Gravity is a big one. It causes matter to come together in the first place. Then there are atomic and molecular interactions, which are simple results of the constituents of the respective particles. Hydrogen, when heated sufficiently, will bond with oxygen atoms. It just does this. There is no "why." As a result, you get water. Water happens to be a good, simple solvent, and is an efficient means of transporting matter around a surface, such as that of a planet.
Then you have energy raining down upon this conglomeration. Lots of it, courtesy of a massive spherical blob of hydrogen, whose intense gravity crushes the matter so tightly that it heats up to hundreds millions of degrees. Electrons are pried away, and it becomes plasma. When the heat and pressure are sufficiently intense, the nuclei begin to fuse, and in the process, lose a little bit of mass. e=mc^2. This releases incredible amounts of energy, which we receive as sunlight. Let's say that it was instead a different wavelength, perhaps gamma radiation. Anthropic principle kicks in - gamma radiation is too energetic, and would likely prevent life from arising. No life, no humans, no one to complain, "Dammit, this star puts out too much gamma radiation. My SPF 60,000 just isn't cutting it today!"
Courtesy of molecular actions, catalyzed by thermal energy, would give rise to proteins. Scientific American ran an article recently about single molecules or small groups of molecules which, if I remember it correctly, mimicked on a basic level certain life-like functions, such as consumption and excretion of other molecular components. That could have been "life" at its absolute simplest. Even at such a rudimentary level, "defects" may have led to increasing levels of complexity. Give it a billion years, with trillions of trillions of iterations taking place each of those years all across the planet's oceans, and I think you're bound to get something going, either a reaction, or perhaps life form, which is self-sustaining, and self-replicating. Once it starts, it's tough to stop. Basic bacterium give rise to increasingly complex life forms.
(Note, this does not go against any ideas of increasing entropy. That assumes a closed system. The sun gives us something like 316 watts per square meter of surface area, of which Earth has over 197,000,000 square miles, or 509,600,000 square kilometers, including the oceans. That hardly constitutes a closed system.)
So you have an immense laboratory, filled with an incredible number of tiny, breeding, adapting, mutating life forms, with a constant, powerful energy source. The beneficial adaptations continue to build up. Over 4 billion years later, you've got creatures with big masses of nerve cells, wandering around, wondering why the world is so darn perfect.
Originally posted by: Adn4n
We're here because we're awesome, awesome at staying alive over others. Neanderthals are now genetically proven to be an entirely different species. As they clashed with us, we simply outsmarted them with our more advanced brains.
That right there is part of why we're so much smarter than anything else. That which was smart enough to pose a threat to us, but not smart enough to beat us in combat, was eliminated from existence.
We could not be here if oxygen had not been created, out of which ozone formed to protect us from lethal UV rays, this is the reason why life originated in the oceans where lethal UV rays cannot reach. In your own lifetime you've experienced or at least heard of new strands of flu viruses that are constantly changing. These new strands are simply more numerous because they are not as hindered by the environment as other strands(drugs don't work on that particular strand). It really isn't hard to see how we've evolved from a single organism, and if you give science a chance there is a plethora of literature laying it out.
Part of it is wrapping your head around the huge numbers involved. This takes many billions of watts of energy, billions of years, oceans with volumes of billions of cubic [/i]kilometers[/i], and trillions upon trillions of generations, involving even more trillions upon trillions of life forms. Looking at a mere result of that - humans - and saying, "gosh, we're really complex," is not taking all those huge numbers into account. It's not like life was blinked into existence yesterday. In a manner of speaking, we were in the works for billions of years.