I want to add and reiterate, we actually do know quite a bit about a lot of viruses. There are a couple of big problems off the top of my head. 1. It is very hard to cease action, reproduction etc. of the virus w/o killing the patient's cells as well. 2. Certain types of viruses, and I'm not sure but I think most, change very quickly. This has to do with the haphazard way the replicate genetic information. They don't have the controls and repair mechanisms of higher beings, therefore mutations come about much faster.
There is not just one virus that causes the common cold anymore, but many many variations.
Everyone just take a couple semesters of microbiology and immunology, ok?
as an example - There are different types of the AIDS virus, some are more predominant in some regions than others. - Also, AIDS is of a type that really does mutate quite fast - it's a retrovirus, look it up if you wish. The drugs that they come up with often in many patients lose effectivness with time because of the mutations going on.
ok i'm ranting now but this is the main concept -
You have someone with a bacterial infection - they have millions upon millions of bacteria reproducing inside them and causing problems - You give them an effective antibiotic. Now, as these bacteria are reproducing at a high rate as bacteria do, and in high numbers, you are getting mutants. Maybe a mutation that has no effect, maybe it is a mutation that creates a nonviable organism that dies on its own, but maybe, just maybe, one pops up that all of a sudden has a mutation that gives it resistance to your drug. Boom, what happens, you kill most of the others off leaving your super mutant, and what does it do? It multiplies in the face of your drug. Giving antibiotics selects for resistant bugs. And that's how resistant strains come about, and it is a problem. This is why we have to be careful with our use of antibiotics and not and them out to every mom who's kid has a viral infection just to appease her, b/c it only does harm to our overall situation. Some have suggested that we are living in a golden age of antibiotic effectiveness, because drug development simply cannot keep up with the rate of bacterial mutation.