Just wanted to offer some corrections here
1) Your bootloader is not "locked" because Samsung have an awful, insecure by default bootloader. The issue is that it is verifying boot image signatures. You can still technically overwrite them, but they will not boot because signature verification will fail. Semantics.. but, that's the actual situation.
2) Devices are locked for many reasons, the most obvious being the massive security hole it would introduce if they weren't.
3) Root and booting unsigned images are two totally different things. You can root your device's stock firmware without having to modify the boot firmware.
4) MOST of Samsung's devices are unprotected, the 'no unlocked bootloader on a current Samsung phone' is patently false. The *only* carriers which restrict this image verification are Verizon and ATT currently, with Sprint doing this to a handful of devices now. T-Mobile is not enforcing image verification in any way, nor are any international devices fromt hem.
5) There are most definitely active roots available for anything < Android 5.0, and it's a matter of time before the 5.x ones become public.