I copied the following from someone at the dailypaul:
"A "bank" should not be a place where someone can give away fictional money.
It should be a warehouse to facilitate transfer over distance and time.
It should function SOLELY as a clearinghouse for such transfer orders. (aka - deposits, withdrawals, and payments to others)
Anything else should be classified as some sort of investment firm or savings institution.
Banking should be separate from investments and savings.
No bank should be allowed to speculate with depositors money.
Lending is investment/speculation. It should not be possible to go to a bank and get a loan.
Want a loan? Go to an investment/speculation institution.
Want to save and earn a reasonable safe return? Deposit into an thrift institution.
Want to take the gable at making a killing financing the "next big thing?" Deposit into an speculation institution.
I see three basic categories:
- Banks (aka warehouses/clearinghouses for deposits, withdrawals and payments)
- no loans allowed
- 100% reserve requirement
- non-interest bearing accounts only
- reasonable storage and transaction fees may be charged
- May have different subtypes such as:
- Money Bank
- Land Bank
- Seed Bank
- Food Bank
- etc. (no end to creativity here)
- Thrifts (aka savings institutions)
- may make very safe loans using deposits only
- strict reserve requirements and withdrawal restrictions. (the deposits are to be expected to be loaned out somewhat to earn a return so we want to protect against runs that threaten that)
- Also lending guidelines must require equal collateral
- Institution shares actual profits with depositors pro-rated to the value of their deposit.
- Interest is payable in either productive percentage or money at the discretion of the depositor.
- Loan portfolio MUST be approved or agreed upon by depositor - i.e. a depositor can decide what enterprise sectors their money can be loaned for. (May also offer the option of letting the depositor, if the entirety of the loan funds could come from one account, to approve or reject the loan personally)
- NO FEES - at least not for storage. Some reasonable transaction fees may be possible for transfers out of the Thrift into a Bank or Speculator
- PAYMENTS ARE NOT POSSIBLE - this is NOT a clearinghouse for payments to others. It is a savings and loaning institution ONLY.
- Speculators (aka investment institutions)
- may make riskier loans for longer terms than Thrifts, but also pay depositors a higher return on those loans. Also, using ONLY deposits for loans.
- have lower reserve requirements
- hardly any allowance for withdrawal (more may be loaned out for longer, thus less available for easy withdrawal. The point here is to earn a return, not have easy access to funds)
- Institution splits actual profit with depositors pro-rated to their deposit value.
- Collateral may or may not be required for loans, regulations may be more lax - this is a "at your own risk" sort of institution with a potentially high payoff or loss in any given period.
- Interest is payable in either productive percentage or money at discretion of depositor.
- All loans handled by institution, but loans may be pre-directed by depositors similar to a mutual fund system.
- PAYMENTS ARE NOT POSSIBLE - this is NOT a clearinghouse for payments to others. It is a speculating institution ONLY.
- the only of the three types that may possibly offer a line of credit. (see below)
Using these three names is also very important.
- The names clearly and accurately describe the function AND the risk inherent in each.
- The names are easy to understand and comprehend.
- The names are in line with what people would expect from each, retaining "banks" for that set of institutions and functions most people think of when they used the word.
- Each institution should be required to use the appropriate label, Bank, Thrift, Speculator, in its official name so as to ensure people know exactly what kind of institution they are dealing with.
This would still facilitate credit/lending services we have now, but all lending must originate from deposits - not thin air.
Separating the three, protects safer institutions from the riskier ones.
If any deposit insurance is to be offered (I don't think it should) then it would only be offered to Banks, and not Thrifts or Speculators.
Money could not be loaned for non-productive use. (pay day loans, payroll loans, etc.)
Interest is created via the law of natural increase by loaning only to productive enterprises. (real, not paper production) Thus returns are possible and moral.
There would be no such thing as a line of credit absent signing over collateral and then at a steep discount to the property's present value. (like 50% or more) Max credit line could decrease with a drop in property's value, but could never increase. Available credit could only be freed up by paying down balance owed.
- This gives real collateral to the credit line
- The steep discount insures the Speculator institution depositors don't get the shaft.
- The flexible credit line protects the depositors against a drop in value. If value drops to the extent the credit line falls below the balance owed, the difference is payable immediately or the collateral is forfeit and at once either transferable to the depositor(s) or salable to compensate the depositors)
I dislike the credit option the most, but I think people will find a way to do it no matter what. Some people are fine risking their capital that way. This will ensure the institutions and other depositors in it, as well as in other institutions, are somewhat protected from poor decisions and actions of others.
Just because Joe Richguy wants to extend credit to Mr. Icant Managemoney, doesn't mean Mr. Play Itsafe should be put at risk also.
So any opinions?"