A book would be needed to really explain the situation, to stay on topic i would say that welfare is not the problem as such, looking through the numbers it appears that even corporates benefit from it, just imagine that they get more aids and subsides than what they pay as income taxes, our problem, wich has many heads, is that we were ruled 10 years by conservatives wich managed the country according to dogmas imported from the US, you see, ideologicaly speaking we re all living in the same world, the economic school of Chicago with Milton Friedman or other Van Heyk are as well known here, if not more, than in the US.
So we had our economy litteraly torned apart during thoses ten years with taxes massively reduced for the 20% wealthier, automotive output was halved, despite making 1bn€/year net income the steel industry, Arcelor wich was rated 1 on the world, was sold to a smaller private company that just shrinked it by 40%, real estate inflated by 140% hence attracting all the investors money and definitly negating any attractivity for real industries, the list goes on of the "achievements" of those cluless conservatives who think that laissez faire is still relevant, Sarkozy who was elected in 2007 with a capitalist agenda just looked irrelevant in 2008 when the international economic downturn pressed even the most capitalist countries to massively subside their economies, it was a shock for them when they saw Obama s administration buying GM and other private entities to keep them from bankruptcy while massively subsiding the rest of the lot with printed fiat money, heck, with its money printing press working at full rate the US is surely the de facto biggest and most rabid welfare state in the world, whoever benefit from this bonanza.