http://www.perldoc.com
http://www.cpan.org/
http://www.activestate.com/ (to get the perl interpreter)
first off, don't start thinking of perl as the tools to create cgi, or other things related to websites.
think of it as a tool for text manipulator, scriptings, etc. start with basic projects to edit text files and other stuffs, etc. then move up from there once you get the hang of it.
you don't need a compiler for perl. you need a perl interpreter.
i think of perl as a semi-scripting language. meaning, it is interpreted when you execute it, but it actually goes through the whole script (and try to look for errors) before running it from top. that means if you have (syntatical) error(s), the script won't run
for pure scripting language (eg shell script), it would be interpreted on the fly as you go. so it can go halfway and then barf out if it finds error in the middle.
for books, i also recommend the o'reilly book (been using the book for a while

)
(there's some guys here with the snake avatar and mad guy avatar who knows perl quite well -- forgot their names <sorry> -- i'm sure they will drop by here sometimes soon and give you some additional info)
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