For the first part I think we're getting into the territory where government bennies make it better to not work than to work. For the second I think that is an excellent, sensible idea, but we need to understand that costs in these increased risk pools will be, um, increased. The equivalent SR-22 car insurance program works both by raising prices and by reducing the level of benefits. This is going to be problematic for health insurance. To use Carmen as an example, an SR-22 type program might cover him for everything except cancer at normal cost, with a cancer rider at a much higher cost. Since most people are going to be more copacetic risking not having full coverage on their automobile than risking not being covered for the thing that might well kill them, at some point the taxpayers are probably going to be on the hook for a lot of people. I think this is an interesting idea, but it's going to be difficult and expensive to implement.
It seems to me that at some point we have to do two things, break health insurance from employment and break people of this expectation that our every health care need should be paid by someone else. For the first, we have an enormous problem being competitive in any industry because of health care costs; ours are tied to the employer, other countries' are tied to the individual via taxes or taxes plus an individual supplemental policy. My preference would be standardized catastrophic health care policies purchased by the individual, across state lines, with pre-tax dollars. Make them non-qualification, shared risk policies so that Carmen pays the same as do I, with government-mandated coverage or each level, and over the whole population costs equal out. You still have competition, including not-for-profits like BCBS and co-ops. Coverage would have to either be mandatory (which honestly bothers me) or else comes in over time, to prevent people from buying insurance only when ill, or else set up a limited government program to provide coverage for people who choose not to buy insurance, with mandatory garnishment and claims on government checks to recover the money. For that matter, take the first X dollars directly off of taxes, so that there is no benefit to not buying insurance. No free rides.
For the other, day-to-day medical costs need to be paid out of pocket. A $40 office visit becomes a $120 office visit in large part because it gets filed with insurance, adding a great deal of paperwork and a delay in receiving payment. I have little respect for the people with $400 cell phones with $100 monthly charges who are telling me they can't afford a doctor's visit. Since in any system we as taxpayers and policy purchasers ultimately pay our own health costs - as we should - moving the dollars into the insurance company's (or government's) hands only to return it later to the health care provider so that we don't have to makes no sense.