Originally posted by: ElFenix
Originally posted by: Zebo
What do you mean by economic burden? If I understand you right, I'd say
no, economic burden is who actually bears the brunt of the tax.
the best way to show it is with a graph.
http://pics.bbzzdd.com/users/elfenix/burden.jpg
the yellow and purple boxes combined is the amount of taxes collected. the green triangles are the dead-weight loss because they are trades that would have been made without the taxes, but were not made. dead weight loss is why taxes should be held to the minimum level, because those are valuable transactions otherwise (that is, unless the government is better at making purchasing decisions than the rest of us).
as you can see, the yellow box is much larger than the purple box. say the lower bound of the box is at $5, the market clearing price is $5.05, and the price paid after taxes is $5.15. in this example the consumer is bearing all of the yellow box, and the producer is bearing all of the purple box, in taxes. that is, economically.
doesn't matter who the legal burden of the taxes is on, or whether it's calculated at the time of purchase or just figured in with the price, the economic burden remains the same. the legal burden is usually placed on one party or another for political or collectibility reasons, and does not necessarily reflect the economic burden.
and that goes for all transactions. employment is another example. just to simplify, assume you're paid only in wage, you've got a tax of 20%. it's shared equally by you and your employer as the legal burden. let's also say your pay is $10,000. take home is $9,000, but your employer's total cost is $11,000. obviously, if the taxes weren't there, your employer would be willing to pay you anything up to $11,000, and you'd be willing to work for anything $9,000 or greater. where exactly you would end up would be the result of negotiation between you and your employer. you'll want to be closer to the $11,000, and they'll want to be closer to the $9,000. may come out near $10,000, may not.