Whilst waiting to RMA the M3A78-EM, just to confirm that it was indeed the board, I bought another ASUS board, this time with an nVidia chipset: M3N78-VM. Both the Athlon X2 4200+ and the 'Camel Lights' X2 3800+ POSTed without issue. I didn't test the Athlon II X4. I built a Hyper-V server round the X2 3800+, though a big problem is the lack of affordable memory.
So when I get my replacement M3A78-EM, I'll have an extra Athlon system, heh.