I think it's important to note that wealth translates into political power, at least in our modern world, and that there's a certain tension between wealth and democracy that's unavoidable, actually desirable.
Without that tension, wealth can easily overwhelm democracy, in a variety of ways. I doubt, for example, that our forefathers even dreamed that the press, what has become the media, could ever be consolidated into half a dozen mega-corporations that we have today. If they had, it seems doubtful that they'd have allowed the press that particular freedom. Nor could they have foreseen just how much money is now involved in political advertising and what amounts to paid political editorializing.
They understood, rather well, what inherited wealth meant, and how it worked- it's the basis for european royalty, a royalty that had titles, and those titles meant titles to land and its resources- the ability to exploit resources, collect rents and levy taxes to support their own lifestyles. Not wealth that was earned by those who held it, but rather by their distant forebearers, usually by force of arms...
Revolutionary era Americans opposed that concept wholeheartedly, if shortsightedly. While there were wealthy Americans, the relative difference between wealthy and average was a lot smaller, and, besides that, there was a whole continent there for the taking... they didn't forsee the day when that would be accomplished, when inheritance of wealth would begin to play a major role in the economy. They couldn't even fathom the concept of limited resources.
The whole idea of Capitalism was in its infancy, with capitalists acting in opposition to the established order of royalty, with commerce becoming a much greater source of wealth than mere property. The emergence of inherited Capital as the new royalty was very far in the future, virtually undreamed of...
All of which very much shaped the American psyche, and still does today. Even though the frontier closed over a hundred years ago, we see extreme wealth as a good thing, rather than as a necessary evil... we still think in terms of unlimited resources, and unlimited opportunity, both of which no longer apply... inspiring statements like Xman's-
" Capping wealth is silly. It wrongfully assumes that wealth is a finite resource. "
Over time, wealth is elastic, but at any given moment, it's finite. What one person owns at that moment simply can't be owned by another simultaneously. And that elasticity has limits, with wealth having a tendency to accumulate in the hands of a few, particularly over generational time. Wealth is its own opportunity. Those who start out way ahead can hardly help getting further ahead, particularly in our modern world of professional money managers. They can't actually spend what they take in- the surplus is reinvested, and the whole thing wants to snowball out of control...
The answer isn't in limiting wealth, per se, but rather in limiting inheritance, making sure that wealth circulates rather than stagnating in a few huge pools accessible only to the owners... When inheritance taxes force liquidation of assets, then those assets become available to the highest bidder, and the proceeds flow back into the economy via govt spending... keeping the process of the economy alive and healthy...
Third world economies don't do that, at all, with wealth becoming more and more concentrated over time, and the only ways to keep it moving being in the form of revolution or invasion...