When I was in grad school, I worked the 1980 US Census. The thing that surprised me is how paranoid people were.
There were also racial overtones. Spanish-language people always wanted to be put down as "white" not Hispanic. It's not too hard to guess why - if the census showed white people in the neighborhood, that area might get better treatment.
I went along with it since they were probably right and I sort of considered it a distinction with only a de minimis difference. Most of the people I spoke with had fairly fair pigmentation.
My mom's family is Italian but they're from northern Italy so they're very fair - mom had auburn hair and freckles. She could easily pass for Irish.
But once you get down into southern Italy and Sicily, significant pigmentation is more the rule.
BTW, did you know that light-skinned humans only appeared about 3000 years ago?
from live science