We are all taught that saving is good?indeed, Americans are often chided for spending too much and saving too little. But what if the problem of today's global economy is that people elsewhere, in Europe, Asia and Latin America, are saving too much and spending too little? Former Princeton University economist Ben Bernanke argues that this is precisely the case. He calls it "the global savings glut." The power of a good idea is that it dispels common confusions. Bernanke's global savings glut is just such a notion. It helps explain (a) the huge U.S. trade deficits; (b) the weakness of the current economic recovery (now three and a half years old), and (c) the difficulty of doing anything about (a) and (b).
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As a rule, saving is good. It helps individuals afford big-ticket items (a home, college tuition), protect against emergencies and prepare for retirement. For societies, it provides funds for productive investments in new factories, technologies and businesses. In economics textbooks, a country's savings usually stay within its borders. Americans save in America, Germans in Germany. Also, savings automatically balance with new investment, mainly through interest rates and stock prices. If, for example, people want to save more than businesses want to invest, interest rates should drop. That should encourage investment and discourage saving.
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Generally, the flow of surplus global savings to the United States has caused Americans to spend more and save less. In recent speeches, Bernanke?a member of the Federal Reserve Board and nominated as head of the White House Council of Economic Advisers?has shown how. In the 1990s, some of the savings surplus went into the hot U.S. stock market, boosting prices further. Feeling wealthier?because their stock portfolios had fattened?Americans decided they could save less and shop more. Something similar has happened in recent years, except through the housing market. Foreign funds poured into U.S. bonds and mortgages, keeping down interest rates. Low interest rates on mortgages increase housing demand and prices, making Americans (again) feel wealthier. People borrow against the inflated values of their homes. That reduces U.S. saving and increases consumption.
Interesting take on the savings rate and trade deficit.linkage
				
		
			