The most recent android device I have had contact with is my nexus 7 2013, but comparing it to my apple devices the most striking difference is battery drain while the device is asleep. My iphone, ipod, or ipad could sit unused for days and only lose a small amount of charge. In the same amount of time my nexus 7 would have completely drained it's battery. Battery drain while actually using the devices are similar, but considering how long they sit between uses, idle battery drain may account up the majority of people's perception of battery life.
I believe some tweaking of what android is doing while asleep could improve this, but I really don't want to delve into that anymore. I did it with all my android phones in the past and I'm just tired of micromanaging something that should work without it. Aside from generally glitchy behavior, it's one of the reasons that my last phone was an iphone.