I think it's the combination of both dampening and quiet components. Even good components can be spoiled with bad case choise and vice versa. Most cases reviewed at Anandtech are made with gaming in mind. They feature excessive amount of case fans. Adequate cooling is necessary, but it can be achieved with much less noise and fans... I would start the process by picking a decent case. My case is nexus breeze.
http://www.nexustek.nl/breeze.htm I am not sure if it is available at USA, but I bought mine for 160 euros here in Finland. It has an excellent silent 400w psu that alone is worth 90e it is very quiet and power efficient. Consider the price as dollars. Euro is more valuable then dollar but our prices include 22% VAT so it levels things down. Back to the case (pun intended)... Also the case has innovative cooling, having a 120mm intake fan at the bottom of the case. Basically it is the only air hole besides the exhaust of psu. So there aren't holes for the sound to get out of the case. It also features dampening foam, wich I really need since I still have some pretty loud components like ball bearing hard drive. It won't stop all the noise if the component is really loud, but I guarantee it makes a hell of a difference. You won't buy/build a case without dampening after having one, there's just no turning back. I'm not sure just how much higher my temps would be if I had new hardware, but I bet the cooling with this case would be enough. Current temps: Cpu athlon xp (palomino) 1470@1611 52c idle 54c when gaming. Cooler is glacialtech igloo silent 2, pretty silent but not effective. My HD is at 31c according to d-temp. And according to my bios my motherboard/ambient is 33c. I have fanmate2 attached to my case fan and it is running at 5v. Motherboard is epox ep-8kha+. I am guessing I will have pretty much same healthy temps with my new hardware. And don't say these are high since I use to run my comp for over a year with cpu @70c and motherboard @40c in my first case.
Back to the topic... Next thing I consider is the layout of the motherboard. The most important piece here is that it either has a passive chipset cooling solution or it has room for zalmans NB47J heatsink. That rules out boards like DFIs SLI and nf4 Ultra boards. I know for a fact that you can install that heatsink to Asus A8N SLI boards, so it will propably be my choise of motherboard when I will upgrade. I would also rule out any intel motherboards at this point because we were talking about gaming pcs and A64s run cooler then intel. Dothan's sonoma chipset isn't available to desktop yet and eventhou they would be otherwise exellent. I wouldn't recommend them over a64 because the price is pretty steep when compared. A64 motherboard MUST support cool n' quiet.
Also the motherboard must have room for a better graphics cooler with the passive northbridge solution. For graphics I would recommend Zalman's VF-700cu cooler. It runs really cool and silent compared to all stock coolers except HIS Excalbur ICEQ 2 models. They feature an Artic Cooling solution wich is a bit more efficient then Zalman, but also a bit louder. So I would pick Zalman over it.
For CPU cooling I would choose, you guessed right, Zalman. The model depending on motherboard. Feel free to disagree, but imo zalman 7000 and 7700-series are the most silent (air) cpu coolers around and also very very effective. There are couple of reasons why the older and smaller 7000B is preferable over 7700.
A) There isn't any room around the cpu socket for the 7700
B) Motherboard has a layout that makes 7700s ambiet cooling benefits less effective. For example in asus a8n-sli deluxe the bigger fan wouldn't help cool northbridge (grapics would be on the way), but it would help cool memory modules. Personally I don't consider memory cooling that important anyway because silent computing and extreme overclocking dont't walk hand in hand anyway. If you are planning extreme overclocking, keep in mind that 7700 is slighty noisier then 7000 at high speeds, but still silent compared to others.
C) Price: You can find 7000B models a bit cheaper now. 7000 and 7700 are equally good at cooling the cpu so.
Reasons to pick 7700 over 7000B.
A) Pretty similar price. (Price shouldn't be an issue anyway if aiming for silent computing.
B) Cooling benefits for northbridge, capacitators, memory and for the whole case. I have seen some via based a64 mother boards with passive cooler below cpu. Makes 7700 top choise for these motherboards.
Hard drives used to be an issue a while ago, but now pretty much all the drives have fluid dynamic bearing so the noise isn't such a big issue. There are two stand outs in hard drives. Seagate being my favourite and Samsung coming second. At this point Samsungs 250gb 7200.8 model has the best price/side/performance/noise ratio. I haven't heard WDs raptors in action, but I guess that they (the 74gb model with fdb) would be virtually silent inside a case with dampening like my nexus.
Reasons why I didn't go through water cooling? Price and the fact that they do use fans so and water pumps so don't expect miracles with them. Altho a good water cooling combined with a good case can be virtually silent. I also carry my computer around alot so water cooling would be a bit troublesome for me.
I think these were the most important parts. After I upgrade this summer my computer will be a silent gaming machine.
Asus a8n-sli deluxe, replacing stock northbridge fan.
Athlon 64 3000+ cooled with Zalman cpns7000b-alcu
2x512MB Crucial Ballistix pc-3200
XFX gf6600Gt (Silver editor's choise here at Anandtech. I believe it is the cheapest card with dual dvi to go with my two 19" Hyundai L90D+ lcd monitors. I am going to cool it with Zalman's vf-700-alcu cooler.)
WD 74GB raptor for operating system and Seagate Barracuda 7200.8 250GB for storage
I have been hearing stuff that Asus wouldn't be too good for overclocking but I am planning to oc to 1800@2411. 268x9 @ 1:1 ratio. I have seen 3000+ going further, but this would bring the RAM to DDR536 wich was Crucials best memory performance (and not even close to their best memory speed of DDR594) at Anandtechs AMD memory test. Also I'am not interested pushing the cpu as far as it goes. For the sake of thermals, stability and noise. If all goes well this set up will combine decent performance and near to silent performance, especially idle when c&q kicks in. These components alone would make a computer silent, but combined to a case with dampening... I can't wait to see it...
Here's a picture from these forums of what it will basically look like
http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v711/ptr-tool/151_5170.jpg http://forums.anandtech.com/messageview...&STARTPAGE=5&FTVAR_FORUMVIEWTMP=Linear here's the same thread.