The measure authorized presidential use of force against the "continuing threat posed by Iraq." On October 8, 2001, on the eve of the vote in Congress, Bush delivered a major address to the nation on the Iraqi threat. He said: "Approving this resolution does not mean that the military action is imminent or unavoidable. This resolution will tell the United Nations, and all nations, that America speaks with one voice."
This spirit of the resolution was reflected in speeches legislators from both parties made prior to the vote. Senator John Warner, Virginia Republican, said passing the authorization was important to convince Saddam Hussein that American and international resolve is "real, unshakable and enforceable if there is to be a peaceful resolution." Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton, New York Democrat, said passage of the resolution made diplomatic success at the UN "more likely, and, therefore, war less likely."
The resolution was not a "war vote" because, at the time, the administration repeatedly claimed that Bush had not made the decision to use force. Rather, Congress voted for diplomacy. The congressional action was designed to strengthen secretary of state Colin Powell's position as he negotiated passage of the unanimous UN Security Council Resolution 1441, which put world pressure on Iraq to accept international inspections. These inspections, if allowed to run their full course, would have demonstrated Iraq was indeed disarmed.
Unfortunately, despite many public statements to the contrary, Bush was not interested in just ridding Iraq of WMDs. Instead, he focused on changing the Iraqi regime. Already in April 2002, he remarked to a British reporter: "I made up my mind that Saddam needs to go. That's about all I'm willing to share with you." That is why Bush did not let the inspections run their course and proceeded with determination in early 2003 to unseat the Iraqi leader.