SCIENCE: Rogue Waves Confirmed by Satellite Imagery

conjur

No Lifer
Jun 7, 2001
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http://news.yahoo.com/news?tmpl=story&cid=1540&u=/afp/science_sea&printer=1
PARIS (AFP) - European satellites have given confirmation to terrified mariners who describe seeing freak waves as tall as 10-storey buildings, the European Space Agency (ESA) said.

"Rogue waves" have been the anecdotal cause behind scores of sinkings of vessels as large as container ships and supertankers over the past two decades.

But evidence to support this has been sketchy, and many marine scientists have clung to statistical models that say monstrous deviations from the normal sea state only occur once every thousand years.

Testing this promise, ESA tasked two of its Earth-scanning satellites, ERS-1 and ERS-2, to monitor the oceans with their radar.

The radars send back "imagettes" -- a picture of the sea surface in a rectangle measuring 10 by five kilometers (six by 2.5 miles) that is taken every 200 kms (120 miles).

Around 30,000 separate "imagettes" were taken by the two satellites in a three-week project, MaxWave, that was carried out in 2001.

Even though the research period was brief, the satellites identified more than 10 individual giant waves around the globe that measured more than 25 metres (81.25 feet) in height, ESA said in a press release.

The waves exist "in higher numbers than anyone expected," said Wolfgang Rosenthal, senior scientist with the GKSS Research Centre in Geesthacht, Germany, who pored over the data.

"The next step is to analyse if they can be forecasted," he said.

Ironically, the research coincided with two "rogue wave" incidents in which two tourist cruisers, the Bremen and the Caledonian Star, had their bridge windows smashed by 30-metre (100-feet) monsters in the South Atlantic.

The Bremen was left drifting without navigation or propulsion for two hours after the hit.

In 1995, the British cruise liner Queen Elizabeth II (news - web sites) encountered a 29-metre (94.25-feet) wall of water during a hurricane in the North Atlantic.

Its captain, Ronald Warwick, likened it to "the White Cliffs of Dover."


In the next phase of research, a project called Wave Atlas will use two years of "imagettes" to create a worldwide atlas of rogue wave events and carry out statistical analyses, ESA said.

The goal is to find out how these strange, cataclysmic phenomena may be generated by ocean eddies and currents or by the collision of weather fronts, and which regions of the seas may be most at risk.

Finding out could help ship architects and the designers of oil rigs and their operators to skirt the menace.

Those are some big waves! :Q
 

NeoV

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Apr 18, 2000
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Discover magazine had an article about these waves a few months back, good read
 
May 3, 2004
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I admit I have not read the article. Does it mention if these waves happen during clear skies or only during storms? Can't imagine taking a nice cruise, beautiful cloudless night and looking over to find a 100 ft wave coming in:Q
 

conjur

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Jun 7, 2001
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http://www.maritimematters.com/shipnews2001a.html
CALEDONIAN STAR hit by rogue wave
March 3, 2001: 3/2/01 a distress call was relayed from the passenger vessel CALEDONIAN STAR (3,132 gt, built 1966).Contacted vessel's master, reported vessel hit by large wave while in lat 53 01S, long 63 31W. Local time about 5:30pm. Estimate of the wave to have been over 100 feet. The glass in the five bridge windows broke in. The bridge awash, one bridge wing damaged with electrical failure and drifting. As the ship did not have radar, etc, the Argentinian Navy sent out a tug to guide the ship into Ushuaia where the passengers disembarked about 24 hours late on march 4. The vessel was then to go for repairs. Some facts on this little known vessel: Built 1966 as an industrial stern trawler MARBURG (German flag), renamed LINDMAR in 1982 and converted into a cruise ship in 1983. Renamed NORTH STAR that year and CALEDONIAN STAR in 1989. Built by AG Weser. 2 M.a.K type 8M582AK medium speed four-stroke 8-cylinder inn-line Diesel engines driving a propeller through a twin-input single-output reduction gear. Three Diesel alternator sets of 200 kW. 292.7' (263' between perpendiculars), Breadth 45.9', Depth 29.5', Draught 18.4'. Gross Tonnage 3,095. Speed 15 knots. 160 passengers, 57 crew. (Thanks to Hans Hoffmann, Ted Scull and Alan Zamchick for this report)

BREMEN slammed by South Atlantic
Feb 23, 2001: It was reported that BREMEN, Hapag-Lloyd's 6,752 GT cruise ship was damaged in a storm while carrying 137 passengers and 106 crew. Hapag-LloydÕs web site reported the wheelhouse windows had been broken and water had entered the bridge in heavy seas during a South Atlantic cruise. No-one was injured and the windows were reported to have been patched up. BREMEN sailed Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego and was due to arrive in Rio de Janeiro on February 26, instead she will put in to Montevideo for repairs.

Looks like the BREMEN was enduring a storm but it doesn't mention anything on the CALEDONIAN STAR


http://www.ifremer.fr/metocean/conferences/rogue_wave.htm
Just gale winds around but the skies don't look that threatening.
 

Gravity

Diamond Member
Mar 21, 2003
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Ever see that movie "white squall"?

The white squall is a phenom often fabled but never recorded therefore cast as a myth. Watch the flick, it's pretty good.

Nice article BTW
 
May 3, 2004
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I'll need to dig up a link, but it sounds like what Air Force pilots saw for years flying really high. Apparently when lightning goes off it causes(or indirectly causes) a light show high above in the Earths atmosphere.

Pilots supposedly did not report it for years for fear of being grounded for "seeing things".

So maybe these "once in a thousand years" waves are lot more common than thought.

Great post Conjur!
 

dmcowen674

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Oct 13, 1999
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www.alienbabeltech.com
Originally posted by: Ivan244
I admit I have not read the article. Does it mention if these waves happen during clear skies or only during storms? Can't imagine taking a nice cruise, beautiful cloudless night and looking over to find a 100 ft wave coming in:Q

I can tell you with certainty these waves can appear out of a clear blue calm day.

I grew up on Long Island and we had a 32 ft Cabin Cruiser. One crisp sunny day off Montauk Point we survived a wave that had to be at least 70 ft tall. It smashed the front windows and we came as close as you can get to rolling over without going all the way over, we were just plain lucky.

It was so weird because right on the other side of the wave was just as calm like it never happened. I was expecting that a storm had kicked up but there was nothing after the wave. Needless to say our fishing for the day was done as we limped home with the boat in shambles.
 

conjur

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Jun 7, 2001
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I wonder if they're triggered by wind, shifts in currents, seismic activity, or landslides? Or maybe some of all of those?

I know several years ago, a 29-foot wave hit Daytona Beach. It was caused by a landslide off-shore. I wasn't there when that happened but we were a few months later. Some big areas of grass were dead at the hotel we stayed in. We heard stories about the wave going all the way past the line of hotels and across A1A and into the stores across the street.
 

conjur

No Lifer
Jun 7, 2001
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Originally posted by: Gravity
Ever see that movie "white squall"?

The white squall is a phenom often fabled but never recorded therefore cast as a myth. Watch the flick, it's pretty good.

Nice article BTW

Or read The Perfect Storm. But, that was a unique occurrence.
 

CaptnKirk

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Jul 25, 2002
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We used to live in Lompoc, California.

The beach there at Surf has a history of danger

While we lived there, there was a 'Rogue Wave' that swept a man and his dog
out to sea, the man was lost but somhow the dog made it back to shore.

This streach of coastline in Central California has the highest incident of shipwreaks
in the entire country, there was a grounding every year for the 5 years I lived there.
In 1923 the Navy lost a large part of a fleet during a cruise down the coast there.
The remains of these Destroyers are only a quarter of a mile from the SLC-6
(Space Launch Complex-6) where the Space Shuttle Launch Pad was being built.

The Cumash Indians had a history of legends of the Sea taking the men away
from the tribes in that area - all were about a sudden single wave that came
from nowhere and pulled the men to their deaths. The story is that no one was
to allow an unaccompanied male to go on the beach or the 'Bride in the Ocean'
would would steal them for their own.
 

Todd33

Diamond Member
Oct 16, 2003
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I got that issue and looked at the pictures :)

I'm wonding if these rogue waves smuggled WMDs for saddam? We should look into that.
 

Lazy8s

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Jun 23, 2004
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there's a show on the discovery channel about the bermuda triangle, it describes rogue waves similar to this and lists the possible cause of large air pockets under water being relesed suddenlt. It's worth a watch if it's on.
 

DAPUNISHER

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Aug 22, 2001
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We had one here in the early 90's in Daytona Beach. A quick Google search turned this up

On the other hand, there was that 18'-high, 27-mile-long wave that lurched up out of the Atlantic on the night of July 3, 1992, smashing hundreds of cars and injuring 75 people in Daytona Beach, Florida. But seismologists attributed it to an undersea landslide. If it had happened during the day, dozens of boaters would have gotten an instant lesson in tidal wave seamanship.
 

conjur

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Jun 7, 2001
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Originally posted by: DAPUNISHER
We had one here in the early 90's in Daytona Beach. A quick Google search turned this up

On the other hand, there was that 18'-high, 27-mile-long wave that lurched up out of the Atlantic on the night of July 3, 1992, smashing hundreds of cars and injuring 75 people in Daytona Beach, Florida. But seismologists attributed it to an undersea landslide. If it had happened during the day, dozens of boaters would have gotten an instant lesson in tidal wave seamanship.

Thanks!

That's the one I was talking about! Ok...only 18' high. I guess the people down there exaggerated it a bit in their tales to us. :)

I was down there about a month after that wave hit. If that had hit at daytime, I imagine there would have been many dead.
 

halik

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Oct 10, 2000
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more pics please? sounds liek a tsunami to me - i'd blame seismic events for stuff like that
 

DAPUNISHER

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Originally posted by: conjur
Originally posted by: DAPUNISHER
We had one here in the early 90's in Daytona Beach. A quick Google search turned this up

On the other hand, there was that 18'-high, 27-mile-long wave that lurched up out of the Atlantic on the night of July 3, 1992, smashing hundreds of cars and injuring 75 people in Daytona Beach, Florida. But seismologists attributed it to an undersea landslide. If it had happened during the day, dozens of boaters would have gotten an instant lesson in tidal wave seamanship.

Thanks!

That's the one I was talking about! Ok...only 18' high. I guess the people down there exaggerated it a bit in their tales to us. :)

I was down there about a month after that wave hit. If that had hit at daytime, I imagine there would have been many dead.
The Florida Today ran a story afterwards about 2 surfers from this area, that during the 60's or 70's, can't remember which, claimed they caught a similar freak wave while doing a session on a fairly small day. No one ever believed their "tall tale" all those years until the Daytona event came along. Now, very few people doubt their story.

I have lived near Cocoa Beach my entire life and having been caught inside on some very freakish clean up sets that break way outside of anything else the swell was producing, I fully believe that rouge waves are out there. I just haven't been lucky enough to be out when one came through :(
 

conjur

No Lifer
Jun 7, 2001
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heh.

An interesting thing researching that Daytona wave is all of the evidence and claims of a meteorite strike. I'd never heard that before.
 

f95toli

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Nov 21, 2002
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I think there is some confusion here. AFAIK no one has denied that there can be huge waves after for examnple an underwater earthquake or a land slide, waves resulting from these phenomena are common; but it is also easy to find the cause (you can register the seismic activity),

The term "rogue wave" refers to waves that are biggen than they "should be" accoring to the "linear model" which has been used for many decades. The linear model predicts a certain distribution of waves, i.e. if the average wave height is 10 feet the probability that you will encounter a 50 feet wave is very low, and the probability is even lower for a 60 feet wave and so on.
A "rogue wave" is a wave that does not follow this distribution and is much higher, however is does not have to be huge, just much higher than the average wave height.
So a rogue wave is not dangerous for most ships unless you are in a bad storm.

The existance of rogue waves was confirmed (under controlled conditions) about 10 years ago when measurements were done in the north sea (oil rigs)

As far as I understand it is a "normal" non-linear phenomena; meaning that there is nothing really new- It is just that no one thought that waves like these (which are common, and used, in for example optics) could occur in water.
 

DAPUNISHER

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Originally posted by: conjur
heh.

An interesting thing researching that Daytona wave is all of the evidence and claims of a meteorite strike. I'd never heard that before.
Some ASSHAT local college prof. or such actually proposed that they check to be certain no Ohio class sub had made an emergency surface :laugh:
 

imported_Aelius

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Apr 25, 2004
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I wonder why Tsunamis are such a new thing to people. They have been around since forever and have been extensively documented.

Ships won't even notice it if they are on top of the Tsunami, at least not visualy. It is only noticeable when the wall of water moving across the ocean (sounds odd I know) starts to hit shallow water and touches the seafloor, which makes the water rise out of the water like a wall. That's when you can get a wave that is tens of miles (or hundreds of miles) long and can quite litterally reach hundreds of meters or even miles inland (depending of the force of the landslide, earthquake, or meteor hit).

The water itself moves at up to 970km/hour so it's not like you can outrun it or even out drive it. The only protection is to be above it or far away from it. How fast it moves depends on how deep the ocean was where the landslide or earthquake started. Once they start a "run up" the wave generally reaches 30meter in height (98 feet).

Once it reaches land it will run out of space that can absorb the movement and it actually speeds up as it rushes across land.

The largest recorded Tsunami was caused by a landslide in 1958 in Lituya Bay, Alaska that created a 525 meter (1722 feet) tall wave.

Quite possibly the most frightening thing to witness on Earth.

Physics of Tsunamis