You are wrong. This is not about investment returns keeping up. The gap was created because of a massive amount of the US population saves and invests little or none of their personal income.
They do not need to outpace the wealth in order to increase their wealth gap, they simply need to START investing.
The gap exists because most people in the US have little or no household net worth. They do not strive to become homeowners. They do not invest. They do not start businesses often enough.
I don't know that the wealth gap can be entirely explained by "You didn't save enough." I can save and invest every single cent I'll earn in my life, and still not come close to approaching a point where I could
glimpse the wealth that some of these people are paid over the course of a month or two. You've also got those who did a
lot of hard work, going to the trouble of being born to an extremely wealthy family.
You talk about corruption and state's rights. That's part of the point of something like a progressive tax structure: People will still always pursue great wealth and the power and corrupting influence that invariably comes with it. If you make it increasingly difficult to attain more and more, to the point where a very small number of people could control a majority of the nation's total wealth, you help reduce the chances of anyone getting to such a powerful position in the first place. We've proven time and time again that our species simply can't handle power without using it to harm others in some manner, whether it be directly injuring them, or through oppression. Yet whenever we try to put systems into place to mitigate this inherent self-destructive behavior, we adapt, and slowly dismantle those systems, like an addict that just can't quit the habit.
Look at how our own government evolved: The system we have here was originally made up to divide power because of our behavioral tendencies toward corruption. You've got the different branches of government, checks and balances blah-dee-blah, and then states rights.
Then you saw things like gerrymandering show up. It's only gotten worse as our ability to gather and analyze data has improved. The voted subverted the system, permitting them to choose their voters.
Or you have people working the circle of industry, lobbyist, and regulator, not necessarily in that order. I certainly don't think that they're doing that for the good of the country.
The gap exists because of a massive portion of the population has zero net worth. It's not difficult to out pace anyone if you start from zero.
Also, when the market crashed, people cashed out and lost money, and were afraid to get back into the market and missed out when it went back up. Wealthy people on the other hand knew better and invested more when it crashed.
And the lower or middle classes can invest more when it crashed...if they had jobs, or any spare cash. Of course, since the economy tumbled, they probably didn't have those things. It's tough to invest more at a time when your finances are severely strained.
On the other hand, if this means your net worth dropped from $200M to $50M, you're not exactly a few months away from living in your car.
Or if you're already in a high-end management job during a recession, and you find a way of saving the company money in the short term, by laying off large portions of the workforce and freezing pay increases, you might find yourself being paid
even more money. The rich get richer.
Ordinary people invest fearfully, wealthy people invest logically.
But again, these stats would be dramatically different if people in the US were like people in other nations, where ordinary people save large portions of their income and live frugally (ie China, where the average person saves 25% of their income).
Some people don't have the
luxury of being able to invest any other way. They may invest out of fear of outright poverty in old age.
If a billionaire loses 70% of his invested worth in a crash, maybe he'll have to forego a second yacht for a few more years. If a middle-class worker loses 70% of his invested worth in a crash, maybe he'll have to forego small luxuries, like having a place to live later in life, or medical care.