Recent historic examples of countries that got their debt under control and saw a subsequent boom?

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BigDH01

Golden Member
Jul 8, 2005
1,631
88
91
Originally posted by: CycloWizard
Originally posted by: Craig234
Edit: I'll just say, no I'm not aware of such examples off the top of my head.

This a real problem with the massive increase in the concentration of wealth, as only the richest have skyrocketed in wealth, while the deficits indirectly fund them.

We need a higher tax on the wealthy for the good of the nation and the economy.

We're racing to a disastrous concentration that is a threat to the middle class, which is just what those who want to undo the FDR new deal wealth of the middle class want.

Either the middle class owns a greater share of the wealth and the rich own less, or the rich own more and the middle class own less.

More distributed wealth leads to greater productivity that is the 'rising tide' to left 'all boats', not the current situation that only 'lifts all yachts'.
This would be true if the sum of all wealth were fixed. Fortunately, wealth can be created such that rising wealth of the wealthiest does not preclude rising wealth for the rest of us.

Irrelevant. Currency basically only represents your purchasing power of all available assets for sale in the market. While my wealth might increase, even disproportionally to the wealthiest, my purchasing power compared to their wealth has decreased. So even while the total amount of currency available might increase, it's really more important to measure the relative amount of the pie you own. Considering that capital does better than labor in our market, they tend to get higher returns and thus have a higher percentage of the pie even if my nominal wealth increases alongside. This is why you commonly see wages compared over time while adjusting for inflation. When measured against inflation, wages for labor have been stagnating, as we would expect.
 

Craig234

Lifer
May 1, 2006
38,548
350
126
Originally posted by: BigDH01
Originally posted by: CycloWizard
Originally posted by: Craig234
Edit: I'll just say, no I'm not aware of such examples off the top of my head.

This a real problem with the massive increase in the concentration of wealth, as only the richest have skyrocketed in wealth, while the deficits indirectly fund them.

We need a higher tax on the wealthy for the good of the nation and the economy.

We're racing to a disastrous concentration that is a threat to the middle class, which is just what those who want to undo the FDR new deal wealth of the middle class want.

Either the middle class owns a greater share of the wealth and the rich own less, or the rich own more and the middle class own less.

More distributed wealth leads to greater productivity that is the 'rising tide' to left 'all boats', not the current situation that only 'lifts all yachts'.
This would be true if the sum of all wealth were fixed. Fortunately, wealth can be created such that rising wealth of the wealthiest does not preclude rising wealth for the rest of us.

Irrelevant. Currency basically only represents your purchasing power of all available assets for sale in the market. While my wealth might increase, even disproportionally to the wealthiest, my purchasing power compared to their wealth has decreased. So even while the total amount of currency available might increase, it's really more important to measure the relative amount of the pie you own. Considering that capital does better than labor in our market, they tend to get higher returns and thus have a higher percentage of the pie even if my nominal wealth increases alongside. This is why you commonly see wages compared over time while adjusting for inflation. When measured against inflation, wages for labor have been stagnating, as we would expect.

For 25 years stagnating, which is apparently unprecedented, while the top 0.01% have gone up hunfreds of percent, and their total share of the wealth has skyrocketed.

Recall that the top 0.01% share of nationa income, IIRC, has gone from the norm of 1% for decades after the Great Depression to 6% today. The rising tide lifting the yachts.
 

miketheidiot

Lifer
Sep 3, 2004
11,060
1
0
Originally posted by: zephyrprime
Well, you're not going to find any examples because there aren't any. The problem with our system and why paying down debt doesn't work is because paying down debt in our fractional reserve banking system actually reduces the supply of money in circulation. The deflation then crushes the economy. If we didn't have a debt based monetary system, paying down the debt wouldn't create deflation but we don't have such a system and neither do any other economies.

However, there's one other way to get debt under control and that's for there to be massive amounts of defaulting. The financial system would collapse of course but the debt would be wiped out.

Ultimately, the US will have hyperinflation to devalue its debt or move to a new currency while devaluing the old one. There's no way the US can actually pay off its debt.

we can pay it off, americans just need to stop being wimps (which probably won't happen)

paying off the debt only becomes deflationary when the federal reserve starts sell its bonds back to the government, otherwise its just currency being moved around
 

miketheidiot

Lifer
Sep 3, 2004
11,060
1
0
Originally posted by: Genx87
During a recession? That is going to be a tough cookie to find. Because typically recessions last long enough where any kind of govt change wont be noticed.

During times of good the saving part of keynesian economics proved to work during the late 90s.

they should have raised the taxes in 98, imagine the debt we could have paid off.
 

miketheidiot

Lifer
Sep 3, 2004
11,060
1
0
Originally posted by: JS80
Originally posted by: halik
Originally posted by: b0mbrman
The US is currently faced with record levels of nominal debt.

Can anyone think of an example where a developed nation acted opposite its Keynesian instincts and focused on closing deficits during a recession and it worked?

I'm looking to prove that this could work for the US, but am having trouble finding a real example. The Asian Financial Crisis of the late 90s seems to disprove my theory as those countries seem to have dug themselves deeper into the hole, partially with the help of the IMF urging a constrictive money supply on the countries...

Ireland of the last couple decades came to mind early on, but it's tough to say that it happened because of cleaning up their balance sheets. I'd say it had more to do with globalization allowing them to do high-skill, English-speaking jobs for the US and allowing them to export to Europe outside of the UK. But maybe there's something I'm not looking at....

Anyhow, can anyone think of examples?


I would be surprised if you find one. Fundamentally leverage (ie debt) improves ROI - you need to use less of your money to make money. If you look at the G8, all countries maintain sizable debt load to gdp.

The capital decision to retire debt signals you cannot get a higher return investing the borrowed money than the rate you pay for the debt. Generally speaking, industrialized nations with halfway decent credit rating can get a higher return on investing than the borrowing rate - that's why all rich nations carry debt.

Russia did reduce their debt/gdp over the last decade, but that was a byproduct of the commodity run up more than anything else. They realized they cannot invest the cash better than what they pay on their debt... not surprising after the '98 debacle.

Except government doesn't generate wealth nor create net value.

false
 

halik

Lifer
Oct 10, 2000
25,696
1
0
Originally posted by: miketheidiot
Originally posted by: Genx87
During a recession? That is going to be a tough cookie to find. Because typically recessions last long enough where any kind of govt change wont be noticed.

During times of good the saving part of keynesian economics proved to work during the late 90s.

they should have raised the taxes in 98, imagine the debt we could have paid off.

Why would we want to pay it off? We are AAA rated and debt/GDP was dropping ...

Japan has 724B of gov't debt, we have 10T... who's better off?
 

miketheidiot

Lifer
Sep 3, 2004
11,060
1
0
Originally posted by: halik
Originally posted by: miketheidiot
Originally posted by: Genx87
During a recession? That is going to be a tough cookie to find. Because typically recessions last long enough where any kind of govt change wont be noticed.

During times of good the saving part of keynesian economics proved to work during the late 90s.

they should have raised the taxes in 98, imagine the debt we could have paid off.

Why would we want to pay it off? We are AAA rated and debt/GDP was dropping ...

Japan has 724B of gov't debt, we have 10T... who's better off?

paying it off mean that when you need to (say now) you can.

its never a smart idea to run fully leveraged even if you are getting a good roi, which in our case was pretty doubtful.
 

fskimospy

Elite Member
Mar 10, 2006
87,737
54,755
136
Originally posted by: halik
Originally posted by: miketheidiot
Originally posted by: Genx87
During a recession? That is going to be a tough cookie to find. Because typically recessions last long enough where any kind of govt change wont be noticed.

During times of good the saving part of keynesian economics proved to work during the late 90s.

they should have raised the taxes in 98, imagine the debt we could have paid off.

Why would we want to pay it off? We are AAA rated and debt/GDP was dropping ...

Japan has 724B of gov't debt, we have 10T... who's better off?

Actually Japan's public debt is around $6 trillion, they have one of the worst debt to GDP ratios in the world.
 

heyheybooboo

Diamond Member
Jun 29, 2007
6,278
0
0
Originally posted by: halik
Originally posted by: miketheidiot
Originally posted by: Genx87
During a recession? That is going to be a tough cookie to find. Because typically recessions last long enough where any kind of govt change wont be noticed.

During times of good the saving part of keynesian economics proved to work during the late 90s.

they should have raised the taxes in 98, imagine the debt we could have paid off.

Why would we want to pay it off? We are AAA rated and debt/GDP was dropping ...

Japan has 724B of gov't debt, we have 10T... who's better off?

:laugh:

I don't know what you are smoking but Japan's gov't debt is nearly 200% of their annual GDP --- in the United States today debt is around 82% of annual GDP and that includes internal debt we owe ourselves.

Discounting those internal IOUs our Federal debt is around 52% of annual GDP.


 

JS80

Lifer
Oct 24, 2005
26,271
7
81
Originally posted by: halik
You don't think that for example DoE loans to Tesla motors will create value?
Gov't money via DARPA didn't do anything? Research Grants?

I would argue that gov't investment in telecom via DARPA is what sparked the global growth in the past 20 years...


It's a rational decision on the part of gov't if the total cost of the debt can be offset by higher tax revenue via GDP growth.

No, I don't think govt money generates "net value." For ever winner there are a slew of losers.
 

heyheybooboo

Diamond Member
Jun 29, 2007
6,278
0
0
Originally posted by: JS80
Originally posted by: halik
You don't think that for example DoE loans to Tesla motors will create value?
Gov't money via DARPA didn't do anything? Research Grants?

I would argue that gov't investment in telecom via DARPA is what sparked the global growth in the past 20 years...


It's a rational decision on the part of gov't if the total cost of the debt can be offset by higher tax revenue via GDP growth.

No, I don't think govt money generates "net value." For ever winner there are a slew of losers.

'Technically' I think economists figure each dollar spent bounces around the economy 7 times.

There is a point of diminishing return, of course. But the DARPA example is a good one for the most part. It's one reason the BEA lists the level of defense (and total gov't) spending in the country when they analyze GDP ...


 

Fenixgoon

Lifer
Jun 30, 2003
33,151
12,589
136
Originally posted by: b0mbrman
Originally posted by: blackangst1
Originally posted by: brandonbull
Originally posted by: heyheybooboo
Topic Title: Recent historic examples of countries that got their debt under control and saw a subsequent boom?

Example A: The United States of America

I hadn't been aware of the US getting the debt under control anytime in my lifetime.

Me neither. And also keep in mind a balanced budget != having debt under control.

What % would you consider under control?

how about paying down the principal, instead of just the interest, for starters?
 

Elias824

Golden Member
Mar 13, 2007
1,100
0
76
In general you dont really want to pay off your debt espically during times of recession. I think the best policy is during the good times dont run a defecit so that your GDP/debt ratio improves without deflating your currency. The problem is that during the good times and even the not so bad ones we have been running massive deficits so it gets harder to justify spending when we actually need to.
As far as the household income not changing since 1980 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F...ld_income_65_to_05.png
looks like it was around 39k in 1980, compared to 46k in 2005, not sure how much the correct amount should be with inflation.
here is the full article http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H...e_in_the_United_States
 

Elias824

Golden Member
Mar 13, 2007
1,100
0
76
OH also I think your strategy would depend on if your in an inflationary recession of deflationary. If your inflationary it may be better to reduce spending.
 

imported_inspire

Senior member
Jun 29, 2006
986
0
0
Originally posted by: Craig234
Edit: I'll just say, no I'm not aware of such examples off the top of my head.

This a real problem with the massive increase in the concentration of wealth, as only the richest have skyrocketed in wealth, while the deficits indirectly fund them.

We need a higher tax on the wealthy for the good of the nation and the economy.

We're racing to a disastrous concentration that is a threat to the middle class, which is just what those who want to undo the FDR new deal wealth of the middle class want.

Either the middle class owns a greater share of the wealth and the rich own less, or the rich own more and the middle class own less.

More distributed wealth leads to greater productivity that is the 'rising tide' to left 'all boats', not the current situation that only 'lifts all yachts'.


Well, that would certainly take away wealth from the rich, but how would it translate into increasing the wealth of the middle & lower classes?
 

sandorski

No Lifer
Oct 10, 1999
70,699
6,257
126
Originally posted by: Elias824
In general you dont really want to pay off your debt espically during times of recession. I think the best policy is during the good times dont run a defecit so that your GDP/debt ratio improves without deflating your currency. The problem is that during the good times and even the not so bad ones we have been running massive deficits so it gets harder to justify spending when we actually need to.
As far as the household income not changing since 1980 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F...ld_income_65_to_05.png
looks like it was around 39k in 1980, compared to 46k in 2005, not sure how much the correct amount should be with inflation.
here is the full article http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H...e_in_the_United_States

No. You do want to Pay off your Debt. There's no good reason to maintain Debt. Now is not the time to pay it down, but when times are good it's a very good idea to pay off Debt.
 

rchiu

Diamond Member
Jun 8, 2002
3,846
0
0
Originally posted by: b0mbrman
Originally posted by: rchiu
Originally posted by: b0mbrman
The US is currently faced with record levels of nominal debt.

Can anyone think of an example where a developed nation acted opposite its Keynesian instincts and focused on closing deficits during a recession and it worked?

I'm looking to prove that this could work for the US, but am having trouble finding a real example. The Asian Financial Crisis of the late 90s seems to disprove my theory as those countries seem to have dug themselves deeper into the hole, partially with the help of the IMF urging a constrictive money supply on the countries...

Ireland of the last couple decades came to mind early on, but it's tough to say that it happened because of cleaning up their balance sheets. I'd say it had more to do with globalization allowing them to do high-skill, English-speaking jobs for the US and allowing them to export to Europe outside of the UK. But maybe there's something I'm not looking at....

Anyhow, can anyone think of examples?

Not really, but I know plenty countries that went bankrupted, gone into civil war, become communist country when they keep letting their debt build up and gone out of control.

Hmmm...that's a bit of a second choice solution, but I may be able to make it work.

When did Keynesian deficit spending in response to recession lead to coups, civil wars, and such?

Argentina during the 70's: Quote from Wiki

Partly owing to the 1973 oil crisis, however, the pact began to unravel (particularly following Perón's July 1974 death). Although Argentina was nearly self-sufficient in petroleum, the oil price shock adversely impacted the nation's delicate financial balance; it, in part, caused the nation's foreign oil bill to jump from US$60 million to US$600 million in 1974 and indirectly helped erase the rest of the nation's record billion-dollar 1973 trade surplus.[23] This adverse turn might have been better managed had it not been that the Peronists were under enormous pressure from their political base (the unions, in particular) to avoid a recession at almost any cost (a consideration painfully denied them by Economy Minister Alvaro Alsogaray in 1959 and in 1962).[18] Refusing to resort to borrowing and unable, by 1975, to control soaring budget and trade deficits, as well as a wave of violence between Trotskyite and fascist extremists, the Peronist government resorted to a chaos of sharp currency devaluations and erratically timed wage hikes and freezes.[23] In a seemingly never-ending tide of near-hyperinflation, strikes, business lockouts and violence, the military took power in a violent March 1976 coup.

------------------

While Keynesian deficit spending is not the only cause to the coup and violence (they're rarely caused by a single factor), the deficit reduce the flexibility of a country to manage things like economic crisis and oil crisis. Imaging a company with high leverage (large debt). While it may function fine during normal economy, but when a sudden crisis hit and all of a sudden it doesn't generate enough profit to cover the debt payment, it is going to go under. You can see plenty of example in this past crisis.

Country management is the same. You may function fine when everything is fine and dandy, but when there is a crisis, and you no longer have the ability to manage your debt/deficit, you are going to face with things like sharp currency devaluation, that lead to hyper-inflation that lead to strike, violence......
 

b0mbrman

Lifer
Jun 1, 2001
29,470
1
81
Originally posted by: rchiu

Argentina during the 70's: Quote from Wiki

Partly owing to the 1973 oil crisis, however, the pact began to unravel (particularly following Perón's July 1974 death). Although Argentina was nearly self-sufficient in petroleum, the oil price shock adversely impacted the nation's delicate financial balance; it, in part, caused the nation's foreign oil bill to jump from US$60 million to US$600 million in 1974 and indirectly helped erase the rest of the nation's record billion-dollar 1973 trade surplus.[23] This adverse turn might have been better managed had it not been that the Peronists were under enormous pressure from their political base (the unions, in particular) to avoid a recession at almost any cost (a consideration painfully denied them by Economy Minister Alvaro Alsogaray in 1959 and in 1962).[18] Refusing to resort to borrowing and unable, by 1975, to control soaring budget and trade deficits, as well as a wave of violence between Trotskyite and fascist extremists, the Peronist government resorted to a chaos of sharp currency devaluations and erratically timed wage hikes and freezes.[23] In a seemingly never-ending tide of near-hyperinflation, strikes, business lockouts and violence, the military took power in a violent March 1976 coup.

------------------

While Keynesian deficit spending is not the only cause to the coup and violence (they're rarely caused by a single factor), the deficit reduce the flexibility of a country to manage things like economic crisis and oil crisis. Imaging a company with high leverage (large debt). While it may function fine during normal economy, but when a sudden crisis hit and all of a sudden it doesn't generate enough profit to cover the debt payment, it is going to go under. You can see plenty of example in this past crisis.

Country management is the same. You may function fine when everything is fine and dandy, but when there is a crisis, and you no longer have the ability to manage your debt/deficit, you are going to face with things like sharp currency devaluation, that lead to hyper-inflation that lead to strike, violence......

So is this the reason why people clamor to get our debt under control?
 

b0mbrman

Lifer
Jun 1, 2001
29,470
1
81
...in other words, people don't (necessarily) think that working to cut the federal deficit during a recession is the right thing to do economically. Rather, they fear that at the other extreme, the US could become bankrupt and go into civil war.

Yes?
 

halik

Lifer
Oct 10, 2000
25,696
1
0
Originally posted by: b0mbrman
...in other words, people don't (necessarily) think that working to cut the federal deficit during a recession is the right thing to do economically. Rather, they fear that at the other extreme, the US could become bankrupt and go into civil war.

Yes?

Monetary contraction to defend the dollar was what pushed US into the depression in the 1930s. Generally speaking, buying back debt will have unintended consequences in the FX markets and on interest rates in general.

Here's what I see happening:

Lower supply for Tnotes = higher price/ lower yield. The process of buying back debt increases dollar supply, thus depreciating the dollar. Also expected lower yield will depreciate the dollar per the interest rate parities, ceteris paribus (i.e. expected inflation won't change).
 

StageLeft

No Lifer
Sep 29, 2000
70,150
5
0
Originally posted by: Craig234
Edit: I'll just say, no I'm not aware of such examples off the top of my head.

This a real problem with the massive increase in the concentration of wealth, as only the richest have skyrocketed in wealth, while the deficits indirectly fund them.

We need a higher tax on the wealthy for the good of the nation and the economy.

We're racing to a disastrous concentration that is a threat to the middle class, which is just what those who want to undo the FDR new deal wealth of the middle class want.

Either the middle class owns a greater share of the wealth and the rich own less, or the rich own more and the middle class own less.

More distributed wealth leads to greater productivity that is the 'rising tide' to left 'all boats', not the current situation that only 'lifts all yachts'.
I am actually more inclined to this view over time. I am not struggling at all at the moment, but what I see happening to others in the US just doesn't seem like the country is as a whole getting better. I read that last year the average exec, at least in my region, got something like a 5% pay raise. The proportion of wealth has been charging quickly toward those in the upper tiers. It makes for a less healthy nation and a less healthy majority of the population. Sink or swim is part of every country to varying degrees, more so in the US and part of its strength, but there has to be a balance of it and the balance isn't trending in the best direction.

BTW to answer OP the US used to have a higher debt to GDP after WWII, so it did recover. That was after a war, though, not just a crazy spending spree. This country has been a greedy fat pig (like most of the West) and now the food has run out and the hunger pangs are going to be uncomfortable.