Parts guys always think they know a lot about cars because they talk to a lot of people that work on cars. Some of them DO know a lot.
From your post, and the postings in this thread:
Your friend is full of it about switching oils at any particular mileage.
He is not wrong about using 30 weight in general although I'd use 5w30. Won't hurt your car at all, might actually help longevity. 5w20 was all about emissions and a microscopic amount of fuel mileage, that's it, as mentioned already.
He has no idea WHY he was telling you that, though.
As far as having the dealer change your oil, there ARE advantages: One, many dealers around here are less expensive than you Jiffy Lube-type places.
Two, even though most dealers also have oil-change monkeys doing the work, you have the advantage of this: Those trained monkeys work on one brand of car mostly, the brand they sell. They are oftentimes training to be real mechanics. So they are a step up from the HS dropouts working at Jiffy Lube.
You also have factory-certified guys working around them, so if they see anything that might need attention with your car, they can have a very knowledgeable mechanic taking a look at it in a hurry, whereas your lube shops just drain and refill, change the filter and try to sell you a trans flush.
Downside is it usually takes a bit longer.