I have heard that there is a type of singing where one person sings two notes at once and generates harmony. I have a friend who was listening to a mongolian group that supposedly did this ancient form of singing. I could ask him for info and let yall know, but he is damn near impossible to reach. I'll have to get back to ya.
It is called polyphonic singing. It isn't created via the vocal cords but by the mouth. The mouth is a resonance chamber, and by using the tongue, lips and jaw, you can shape the chamber to cause a second frequency to be amplified enough to be distinguished by the human ear.
Some more background is really needed on this as what we hear from someone singing/chanting is actually a group of frequencies, not a single frequency. What is being done in the mouth in polyphonic singing is to amplify one of the harmonic frequencies that is already occurring and/or create the space for a standing wave to be generated by all the other frequency waves passing through the mouth.
The person is not controlling both vocal cords to create two pitches from the two cords. The two vocal cords act together to create and control the gap between them. While someone may be able to train and control each individually, that control does not change range of the size of the gap between the two (i.e. think of it like a two louvers over an air vent. You can open them both fully and let the max amount of air flow, or you can close one entirely and leave one open and get half the airflow, or you can close both to 25% and get half the airflow. At the end of the day, it doesn't matter how you got to half the air flow, as the end result is 1/2 the air flow. The range of motion is still the same whether you have complete independent control of each individually or not; the physical length of the cords themselves will still be the same and the muscle resting position and full contraction position will still be the same).