tape & scissors to make the cone. quite easy & quick.
You improve gas seal with a cone, which is main reason to use a cone.
Plastic stands up better with repeated shots.
assumed it was a real nail about 3" or so from the pics.
Yep, hair spray, propane, ether ( my choice ), etc work OK.
I liked the rigid copper pipe for barrels better than PCV for darts.
I had a runin when younger about some pigeons & retained darts & stuff. Odd how a 3 1/2" nail would just stick there & the pigeon would still fly quite a distance.