What company's purpose is to hold the interests of its clients and society over its own? Only a failed company. You want universities to serve you for the price you want.
Obviously you would expect for-profit institutions to be self-interested, but should we expect that from taxpayer-funded public institutions such as state universities? Shouldn't public institutions serve the interests of society at large and their students?
If you pay $250k for a degree in a worthless major, then what you end up with is a very expensive piece of paper.
Public institutions that facilitate this kind of economic waste should try prevent the economic waste and damage to society that occurs when students go to obtain these degrees that have little economic value. Also, organizations such as the American Bar Association that have been given the government-like ability to accredit schools for professional licensure should have a duty to serve the interests of students and the public (or lose the government-like function).
But I think your problem is that you think profits are intrinsically evil and that for-profit ventures will always throw their clients under the bus for a quick financial gain.
I don't think that profits are intrinsically evil, just that conflicts of interest exist and that the profit motive can encourage deceit, fraud, and behavior that does not serve the interests of society or customers. This is especially true in cases where there is an information asymmetry and where customers feel needy and desperate and may be naive, especially if they have been continuously indoctrinated to do something since Kindergarten and also if a third party student lender is willing to cover the upfront costs.
This is simply ignorant, as a university's reputation is based on the quality of its graduates and its research programs (tightly tied to the quality of graduates). If a university graduates a million people per year and none of them gained anything from being at that university, the university will quickly go out of business. Since I don't know of any universities going out of business, I can only assume that students are getting some value added by the service the university provides.
Intuitively, you would think (and hope) that that were true. However, like I've said, when everyone has been constantly indoctrinated into believing something since Kindergarten and when the employment statistics are outdated or misleading and when there isn't much real concrete information available, it's easy for people to be misled, especially when a significant percentage of graduates do obtain positive results.
I think that law school is a great example for this. Here we have a course of study that could add $100,000-180,000 to people's student loan debt and yet for decades only 1/2 of all graduates have ever benefited from their degrees and find work in the field. (Note that many of the ones who find work in the field earn merely lower middle class or middle class incomes often working 60 hours/week in an unpleasant Machiavellian field. The ones earning $150,000/year at large law firms are a small exception and those guys put in 70 hours/week under tremendous stress.) Today the number of JDs who are able to find employment as lawyers may be as low 1/20. (It's really bad out there, it's even been reported that Harvard graduates are having problems.) And yet, in spite of all of this, the lemmings keep coming. Why? I think it's a result of information asymmetry, indoctrination, the naive public's belief that all lawyers are rich, and arguably overinflated egos (with students thinking that they will graduate as one of the top 5 students in their class--and it's been reported that even top 5 students are having difficulty finding jobs today).
So, I wouldn't take the fact that students are flocking into the colleges and universities as evidence that they are providing value to their students and society for those reasons I mentioned--indoctrination, information asymmetry, and a sense of desperation.
There is one other factor to be discussed--that college education is the new high school. In other words, you need to get a bachelors degree so that you can at least hunt for a decent job. Students might be aware that college is not a guarantor of success, but if the choices is between working poverty wage jobs for life or having the opportunity to at least look for a better job, many will choose to go to college to get their club card. In other words, the sad state of our nation's economy is pushing people into the colleges out of a sense of fear and desperation. Many then pursue expensive graduate and professional study (what else should you do if you can't find a job with your bachelors degree?).
The end result of all of this is an
Education Arms Race. Our society doesn't need nearly as much higher education as it has, but people feel compelled to obtain in order to keep up with the competition. I'm a participant in the Education Arms Race myself, so I certainly understand why people would want to do it, but overall it isn't benefiting our society. We're spending time and money to produce worthless excess sheepskins and not roads and wind turbines.
Higher education is not representative of a free market either. If it were a free market without any government subsidies for colleges and universities and if people could discharge all student loans in bankruptcy (just like any other debt) the entire education-student loan industry would collapse and we would soon find out what the real free market value of education is. (I bet it would be less expensive and that we would have less of it.)
Self-reported statistics may also be accurate.
That's possible, but much more likely when the real statistics are favorable and much less likely when they are unfavorable. I know that in the case of the expensive law schools that the statistics are inherently misleading if not intentionally fraudulent. (The ABA, which accredits the law schools, implicitly condones all of this.)
What alternative method do you recommend?
I'm not a professional statistician nor market researcher, but I'd like to see a third party conduct studies to determine what percentages of all graduates are earning solid middle class incomes (defined as $40,000/year with benefits and up) at various points in time after graduation. They should also report what percentage are working in the field they trained for and what their incomes are. They also need to report what percentage of students could not be reached or would not respond (whom people can infer to be malcontents).
What do you think would be a good set of statistics to collect?
And your characterization of how universities go about collecting these surveys is at least as false as you think the survey results are: surveying methods are governed by third-party accreditation boards, not the universities themselves. Universities wouldn't even bother doing these expensive surveys if they weren't required to maintain accreditation.
I don't know the details, but just because some industry-based third party might require the surveys doesn't mean that they will be conducted accurately. It doesn't work that way for the law schools which suggests that it's probably not much different for the business schools and other degree programs. I have three college degrees and I only received a survey from one of them. No one ever called me on the phone to inquire about my income and whether I was working in the fields of my degree.
I'll also note that saying that something may be unrelated to something else is meaningless because you have given no reason for anyone to expect that it is not equally likely that the converse is true: the income statistics from survey respondents might have a relationship to what graduates are actually earning. See how easy that was?
Here's how it works. A professional school sends out employment surveys to its graduates. 30% of those graduates return the survey. Of those 30% who wanted to return the survey, 95% were employed and many of them earned over $60,000. So a school could then report that 95% of all graduates were employed and that the median income of its graduates is $60,000 with a 25%-75% salary range of say $50,000-$80,000. That looks really great, right? What they failed to report is that only 30% of the graduates responded to the survey.
Then prosecute the fraud. Demonizing the entire education sector because of some perceived fraud simply makes this appear to be a witch hunt. I'm sick of idiots demanding change when the laws to achieve that change are already on the books and are simply not being enforced.
Being misleading and fraudulent are two different things. If the statistics say, "Survey respondents reported" then there isn't any fraud. It's misleading and we might properly regard it as de facto (in actuality) fraud, but it's not de jure (according to the law) fraud. I suspect that we will begin to see some fraud cases soon. The Frontline and New York Times reports mentioned that there are already a couple lawsuits.
In today's litigious society filled with angry malcontents, I suspect that most de jure fraud is being litigated. The problem is that there is de facto fraud in the form of conditional statements, puffery, and misleading information that is not actionable de jure fraud.
Ironically, those shouting for this sort of change the loudest are usually in the executive branch and are campaigning for change rather than enforcing the laws.
Are there politicians who are shouting about any of this? I'm unaware that it's much of an issue at all. In the Frontline interview it seemed like Arne Duncan wasn't too concerned. He struck me as a conventional, compromised politician who needs to make it look like he's concerned while not actually doing anything because of a concern about campaign contributions.
As technology becomes more complex, the level of knowledge required to design, maintain, or develop that technology rises. One can gain this knowledge through experience or through education. Education offers the benefit of giving about the same degree of knowledge in much less time than the experience approach, and coupling the two is even better. Only about 30% of US adults have a bachelors degrees, and every study ever performed has indicated that these adults will make substantially more during their lifetimes than the rest of us. If you can find a single published peer-reviewed study contradicting that statement, then you will have found a basis for your argument. Until then, keep your palliatives to yourself.
In the past people would start work out of high school and learn on the job. I don't think the nature of most jobs has really changed all that much, just that college education is much more easily accessible and that employers can now require bachelors degrees.
I too would like to find some studies in peer-reviewed journals. Not being an academic who studies this I don't know of any, but I know of at least one paper (written by a law professor with an economics background) who claims that 90% of all law school graduates will not obtain value from their degrees.
There are a couple problems with making inferences about the value of a college education based on the studies the media always cites. (1.) The media hasn't reported what percentage of the college graduates are earning what types of income. It's thus possible that those earning really high salaries average out the low incomes of those who are earning poverty-level wages. (2.) In order to judge the value of a college education today we need to look at statistics for graduates of the past decade or two. Degrees had much more employment value back in the Sixties and Seventies when fewer people had the degrees so it's illogical to make generalizations about the economic value of a college degree today based on the outcomes of people who gradated decades ago. (3.) College graduates are a self-selecting group--the people who go to college very well might have had higher average incomes anyway had they not gone to college than the other high school graduates who didn't go to college. In other words, the intellectual abilities and character traits that led the college graduates to go to college might very well have resulted in their having higher incomes had they not gone to college than the high school graduates who didn't go to college.
I, too, would like some modern, updated, detailed statistics about all of this. (Perhaps they are, in fact, out there but the media doesn't like to report on them.)