https://www.snopes.com/2017/09/05/were-nazis-socialists/
http://www.newsweek.com/nazis-democrats-socialists-alt-right-650572
National socialist meant nationalist. You didn't even read the wiki article you posted.
National Socialism (
German:
Nationalsozialismus), more commonly known as
Nazism (
/ˈnɑːtsi.ɪzəm, ˈnæt-/),
[1] is the
ideology and set of practices associated with the 20th-century German
Nazi Party,
Nazi Germany and other
far-right groups. Usually characterized as a form of
fascism that incorporates
scientific racism and
antisemitism, Nazism's development was influenced by
German nationalism (especially
Pan-Germanism), the
Völkisch movement and the
anti-Communist Freikorps paramilitary groups that emerged during the
Weimar Republic after Germany's defeat in the
First World War.
Völkisch nationalism
Johann Gottlieb Fichte, considered one of the fathers of German nationalism
One of the most significant ideological influences on the Nazis was the German nationalist
Johann Gottlieb Fichte, whose works had served as an inspiration to Hitler and other Nazi Party members, including
Dietrich Eckartand
Arnold Fanck.
[38] In
Speeches to the German Nation (1808), written amid
Napoleonic France's occupation of Berlin, Fichte called for a German national revolution against the French occupiers, making passionate public speeches, arming his students for battle against the French and stressing the need for action by the German nation so it could free itself.
[39] Fichte's nationalism was populist and opposed to traditional elites, spoke of the need for a "People's War" (
Volkskrieg) and put forth concepts similar to those which the Nazis adopted.
[39] Fichte promoted German
exceptionalism and stressed the need for the German nation to purify itself (including purging the German language of French words, a policy that the Nazis undertook upon their rise to power).
[39]
Another important figure in pre-Nazi
völkisch thinking was
Wilhelm Heinrich Riehl, whose work—
Land und Leute (
Land and People, written between 1857 and 1863)—collectively tied the organic German Volk to its native landscape and nature, a pairing which stood in stark opposition to the mechanical and materialistic civilization which was then developing as a result of
industrialization.
[40] Geographers
Friedrich Ratzel and
Karl Haushoferborrowed from Riehl's work as did Nazi ideologues Alfred Rosenberg and Paul Schultze-Naumburg; both of whom employed some of Riehl’s philosophy in arguing that "each nation-state was an organism that required a particular living space in order to survive".
[41] Riehl’s influence is overtly discernible in the
Blut und Boden (
Blood and Soil) philosophy introduced by
Oswald Spengler, which the Nazi agriculturalist Walther Darré and other prominent Nazis adopted.
[42][43]
Völkisch nationalism denounced soulless
materialism,
individualism and
secularised urban industrial society, while advocating a "superior" society based on ethnic German "folk" culture and German "blood".
[44] It denounced foreigners and foreign ideas and declared that Jews,
Freemasons and others were "traitors to the nation" and unworthy of inclusion.
[45] Völkisch nationalism saw the world in terms of
natural law and
romanticism and it viewed societies as organic, extolling the virtues of
rural life, condemning the neglect of tradition and the decay of morals, denounced the destruction of the natural environment and condemned "cosmopolitan" cultures such as Jews and Romani.
[46]
During the era of Imperial Germany,
Völkisch nationalism was overshadowed by both Prussian patriotism and the federalist tradition of various states therein.
[47] The events of World War I, including the end of the Prussian monarchy in Germany, resulted in a surge in revolutionary
Völkisch nationalism.
[48] The Nazis supported such revolutionary
Völkisch nationalist policies
[47] and they claimed that their ideology was influenced by the leadership and policies of
German Chancellor Otto von Bismarck, the founder of the
German Empire.
[49] The Nazis declared that they were dedicated to continuing the process of creating a unified German
nation state that Bismarck had begun and desired to achieve.
[50] While Hitler was supportive of Bismarck's creation of the German Empire, he was critical of Bismarck's moderate domestic policies.
[51] On the issue of Bismarck's support of a
Kleindeutschland ("Lesser Germany", excluding Austria) versus the Pan-German
Großdeutschland ("Greater Germany") which the Nazis advocated, Hitler stated that Bismarck's attainment of
Kleindeutschland was the "highest achievement" Bismarck could have achieved "within the limits possible at that time".
[52] In
Mein Kampf (
My Struggle), Hitler presented himself as a "second Bismarck".
[52]
During his youth in Austria, Hitler was politically influenced by Austrian Pan-Germanist proponent
Georg Ritter von Schönerer, who advocated radical
German nationalism, antisemitism,
anti-Catholicism,
anti-Slavic sentimentand anti-Habsburg views.
[53] From von Schönerer and his followers, Hitler adopted for the Nazi movement the
Heil greeting, the
Führer title and the model of absolute party leadership.
[53] Hitler was also impressed by the
populist antisemitism and the anti-liberal bourgeois agitation of
Karl Lueger, who as the mayor of Vienna during Hitler's time in the city used a rabble-rousing style of oratory that appealed to the wider masses.
[54] Unlike von Schönerer, Lueger was not a German nationalist and instead was a pro-Catholic Habsburg supporter and only used German nationalist notions occasionally for his own agenda.
[54] Although Hitler praised both Lueger and Schönerer, he criticized the former for not applying a racial doctrine against the Jews and Slavs.
[55]
Nationalism and racialism
Further information:
Nazism and race and
Racial policy of Nazi Germany
German Nazism emphasized
German nationalism, including both
irredentism and expansionism. Nazism held racial theories based upon the belief of the existence of an
Aryan master race that was superior to all other races. The Nazis emphasised the existence of racial conflict between the Aryan race and others—particularly Jews, whom the Nazis viewed as a mixed race that had infiltrated multiple societies and was responsible for exploitation and repression of the Aryan race. The Nazis also categorised Slavs as
Untermensch.
[105]
Economics
Further information:
Economy of Nazi Germany and
Economics of fascism
Deutsches Volk–Deutsche Arbeit:German People, German Work, the alliance of worker and work (1934)
Generally speaking, Nazi theorists and politicians blamed Germany’s previous economic failures on political causes like the influence of Marxism on the workforce, the sinister and exploitative machinations of what they called international Jewry and the vindictiveness of the western political leaders'
war reparation demands. Instead of traditional economic incentives, the Nazis offered solutions of a political nature, such as the elimination of organised labour groups, rearmament (in contravention of the Versailles Treaty) and biological politics.
[182] Various work programs designed to establish full-employment for the German population were instituted once the Nazis seized full national power. Hitler encouraged nationally supported projects like the construction of the
Autobahn, the introduction of an affordable people’s car (
Volkswagen) and later the Nazis bolstered the economy through the business and employment generated by military rearmament.
[183] Not only did the Nazis benefit early in the regime's existence from the first post–Depression economic upswing, their public works projects, job-procurement program and subsidised home repair program reduced unemployment by as much as 40 percent in one year, a development which tempered the unfavourable psychological climate caused by the earlier economic crisis and encouraged Germans to march in step with the regime.
[184]
To protect the German people and currency from volatile market forces, the Nazis also promised social policies like a national labour service, state-provided health care, guaranteed pensions and an agrarian settlement program.
[185] Agrarian policies were particularly important to the Nazis since they corresponded not just to the economy but to their geopolitical conception of
Lebensraum as well. For Hitler, the acquisition of land and soil was requisite in moulding the German economy.
[186] To tie farmers to their land, selling agricultural land was prohibited.
[187] Farm ownership was nominally private, but business monopoly rights were granted to marketing boards to control production and prices with a quota system.
[188] The “Hereditary Farm Law of 1933” established a cartel structure under a government body known as the
Reichsnährstand(RNST) which determined “everything from what seeds and fertilizers were used to how land was inherited”.
[189]
The Nazis sought to gain support of workers by declaring
May Day, a day celebrated by
organised labour, to be a paid holiday and held celebrations on 1 May 1933 to honour German workers.
[190] The Nazis stressed that Germany must honour its workers.
[191] The regime believed that the only way to avoid a repeat of the disaster of 1918 was to secure workers' support for the German government.
[190] The Nazis wanted all Germans take part in the May Day celebrations in the hope that this would help break down class hostility between workers and
burghers.
[191] Songs in praise of labour and workers were played by state radio throughout May Day as well as fireworks and an air show in Berlin.
[191] Hitler spoke of workers as patriots who had built Germany's industrial strength, had honourably served in the war and claimed that they had been oppressed under
economic liberalism.
[192] The
Berliner Morgenpost, which had been strongly associated with the political left in the past, praised the regime's May Day celebrations.
[192]
The Nazis continued
social welfare policies initiated by the governments of the Weimar Republic and mobilised volunteers to assist those impoverished, "racially-worthy" Germans through the
National Socialist People's Welfare (NSV) chairman
Erich Hilgenfeldt organisation.
[193] This organisation oversaw charitable activities, and became the largest
civic organisation in Nazi Germany.
[193] Successful efforts were made to get middle-class women involved in social work assisting large families.
[194] The
Winter Relief campaigns acted as a ritual to generate public sympathy.
[195] Bonfires were made of school children's differently coloured caps as symbolic of the abolition of class differences.
[194] Large celebrations and symbolism were used extensively to encourage those engaged in physical labour on behalf of Germany, with leading National Socialists often praising the "honour of labour", which fostered a sense of community (
Gemeinschaft) for the German people and promoted solidarity towards the Nazi cause.
[196]
Hitler believed that private ownership was useful in that it encouraged creative competition and technical innovation, but insisted that it had to conform to national interests and be "productive" rather than "parasitical".
[197] Private property rights were conditional upon the economic mode of use and if it did not advance Nazi economic goals, then the state could nationalise it.
[198] Although the Nazis
privatised public properties and public services, they also increased economic state control.
[199] Under Nazi economics, free competition and self-regulating markets diminished, but Hitler's
social Darwinist beliefs made him reluctant to entirely disregard business competition and private property as economic engines.
[200][201]
Hitler primarily viewed the German economy as an instrument of power and believed the economy was not just about creating wealth and technical progress so as to improve the quality of life for a nation's citizenry, therefore economic success was paramount in that as it provided the means and material foundations necessary for military conquest.
[202] While economic progress generated by National Socialist programs had its role in appeasing the German people, the Nazis and Hitler in particular did not believe that economic solutions alone were sufficient to thrust Germany onto the stage as a world power. The Nazis thus sought first to secure a command economy through general economic revival accompanied by massive military spending for rearmament, especially later through the implementation of the
Four Year Plan, which consolidated their rule and firmly secured a command relationship between the German arms industry and the National Socialist government.
[203] Between 1933 and 1939, military expenditures were upwards of 82 billion Reichsmarks and represented 23 percent of Germany's gross national product as the Nazis mobilised their people and economy for war.
[204]
Huge backfire