Except for the CPU/MB, HDD is the only part that you haven't checked. Hence, firstly I would check if it is the reason of unexpected locked-up by swapping them with the ones from the rest of WORKING PCs of yours, although it is unlikely to be the reason. If it doesn't work, I would then take out the CPU and check if there's any sign of burnout of CPU/socket, unreasonable scratch of CPU connectors or bent pins on the MB.
If everything seems to be fine, then there is a great chance that the MB is the reason causing problem. What I would do is getting a new MB of the SAME model as yours from the SAME seller first and then see whether it fixes the issue or not. If the problem is gone thereafter, return the old MB to the seller and ask for refund of the new one. Congratulations, it's time to ask Intel for a free brand new CPU if the issue still appears.