Originally posted by: Mark R
Originally posted by: Rat
JPEG is the best photo compression format available. MP3 is being slowly replaced.
JPEG is not a particularly good compression format by modern standards - improvements in perceptual coding, wavelet techniques, etc. have been important developments. Additionally, JPEG only supports 8-bit dynamic range which a serious limitation in modern digital photography.
JPEG2000 uses some of these advances to enhance compression and produce less obvious artefacts, and recognises the need for HDR support. Unfortunately, although JPEG2000 is supposed to be free (like JPEG) there are a huge number of patents on the types of technology used in JPEG2000.
This is of great concern, especially as several companies selling JPEG codecs (e.g. Apple, Adobe) have been sued (and have paid up) due to alleged patent infringement, despite the fact that the JPEG format is old and was released with the intention of being free.
As more and more companies recognise 'submarine' patents as a potential business model, companies are getting very cautious about using new technologies. Partly because of this concern, JPEG2000 has had very little market penetration - mainly into low-volume niche fields where it's special features (e.g. HDR, less obvious artefacts) are important e.g. medical images.
MP3 is a good file format. It is a relatively old format released 15 years ago. Unlike JPEG, however, MP3 is not free; significant royalties must paid for CODEC software/hardware (up to $5 per copy/chip) as well as on revenue from selling media in MP3 format (2%).
When MP3 was released it was state-of-the-art and was accepted as a major standard for audio compression, and this has propelled it into its huge popularity.
However, in part due to the need for commercial users to pay royalties, there has been significant interest in developing replacement formats. As a result, several organisations have built file formats to make use of new technologies, but more importantly, to avoid the royalty payments. (WMA, Vorbis, MPEG AAC)
Both formats are showing their age, but are 'good enough'. However, while JPEG has the advantage of being free, it has a complete stranglehold on the market. MP3 is slowly pricing itself out of the market as media suppliers look for cheaper options.