Where, in the link provided, does it say someone, not authorized by the police, whose perp is not a danger to any other person including the clerk is allowed to use force?
Now it is possible I missed that provision, I am reading it on a phone after all, but unless you can point to the specific sub section that would give the clerk the authority to use force, I don't see it.
I've asked three times now. We have the law, it should be easy to point out and quote the paragraph.
Here's the relevant statute:
Use of physical force in defense of property.
563.041. 1. A person may, subject to the limitations of subsection 2, use physical force upon another person when and to the extent that he or she reasonably believes it necessary to prevent what he or she reasonably believes to be the commission or attempted commission by such person of stealing, property damage or tampering in any degree.
2. A person may use deadly force under circumstances described in subsection 1 only when such use of deadly force is authorized under other sections of this chapter.
3. The justification afforded by this section extends to the use of physical restraint as protective force provided that the actor takes all reasonable measures to terminate the restraint as soon as it is reasonable to do so.
4. The defendant shall have the burden of injecting the issue of justification under this section.
(L. 1977 S.B. 60, A.L. 2007 S.B. 62 & 41)
This specific section is about the use of force for the defense of property. Subsection 1 is really the only section that applies to this situation as deadly force was not used (so no subsection 2) and since Brown wasn't ultimately restrained by the clerk, subsection 3 doesn't apply. So, here we are, examining subsection 1.
Subsection 1 states that a person (the clerk) may use non-deadly physical force upon another person (Brown) if the clerk reasonably believes that Brown is committing or attempting to commit stealing, property damage, or tampering in any degree and the clerk reasonably believes that force is necessary to prevent the theft. I've essentially broken it down to the most lay terms I can. "Reasonableness" is a legal term that is generally decided by the fact finder (jury or judge) once all of the facts are presented.
To really put this debate to an end, I'm going to provide you with 1st year Criminal Law textbook excerpt that even provides an example:
Defense of Property
All jurisdictions allow individuals to use force in defense of property under certain specified circumstances. Property can be real or personal. Real property is land and anything permanently attached to it. This includes a home. However, defense of the home is discussed in Chapter 5, Section 3.3 "Defense of Habitation". Personal property is any movable object.
In the majority of states, the defendant can use force only to defend real or personal property if the defendant has an objectively reasonable belief that an imminent threat of damage, destruction, or theft will occur. [3] The Model Penal Code provides “the use of force upon or toward the person of another is justifiable when the actor believes that such force is immediately necessary: (a) to prevent or terminate an unlawful entry or other trespass upon land or a trespass against or the unlawful carrying away of tangible, movable property” (Model Penal Code §3.06(1) (a)). Thus if the defendant has a subjective belief that force is immediately necessary to protect real or personal property, force is appropriate under the Model Penal Code.
The amount of force that a defendant may legally use to protect real or personal property is reasonable force, under the circumstances. [4] The defendant can also chase someone who steals personal property and take the item back. [5] The Model Penal Code provides “the use of force upon or toward the person of another is justifiable when the actor believes that such force is immediately necessary…to retake tangible movable property” (Model Penal Code §3.06(1) (b)). In general, the Model Penal Code and most states do not authorize the use of deadly force to protect property (other than the home) under any circumstances. [6]
Example of Defense of Property
Kelsey sees Keith, her stepbrother, approaching her brand new car with a key in his hand. It appears that Keith is about to scrape the paint on the door of the car with this key. Kelsey tackles Keith to prevent him from vandalizing the car. Kelsey has probably used reasonable force under the circumstances and can claim defense of property as a defense to battery. If Keith testifies that he was simply going to hand Kelsey the key, which she left in the house, the attack could still be justified if the trier of fact determines that it was objectively reasonable for Kelsey to believe Keith was about to damage her property. In jurisdictions that follow the Model Penal Code, Kelsey can probably use defense of property as a defense to battery because it is clear Kelsey believed that force was immediately necessary to protect her personal property in this situation. Of course, if Kelsey pulls out a gun and shoots Keith, she could not claim defense of property because deadly force is never justifiable to protect real or personal property from harm.
Here's a link to the textbook itself:
http://catalog.flatworldknowledge.com/bookhub/reader/4373?e=storm_1.0-ch05_s03
And just for added emphasis, here's the Model Penal Code's section on Defense of Property that many states base their penal codes on:
§ 3.06. Use of Force for Protection of Property.
(1) Use of Force Justifiable for Protection of Property. Subject to the provisions
of this Section and of Section 3.09, the use of force upon or toward the person of
another is justifiable when the actor believes that such force is immediately
necessary:
(a) to prevent or terminate an unlawful entry or other trespass upon land or a
trespass against or the unlawful carrying away of tangible, movable property,
provided that such land or movable property is, or is believed by the actor to
be, in his possession or in the possession of another person for whose
protection he acts; or
(b) to effect an entry or re-entry upon land or to retake tangible movable
property, provided that the actor believes that he or the person by whose
authority he acts or a person from whom he or such other person derives title
was unlawfully dispossessed of such land or movable property and is entitled
to possession, and provided, further, that:
(i) the force is used immediately or on fresh pursuit after such
dispossession; or
(ii) the actor believes that the person against whom he uses force has no
claim of right to the possession of the property and, in the case of land, the
circumstances, as the actor believes them to be, are of such urgency that it
would be an exceptional hardship to postpone the entry or re-entry until a
court order is obtained.
Here's a link to the Model Penal Code in PDF format:
http://wps.prenhall.com/wps/media/objects/13023/13335893/downloadables/model_penal_code_sel_sec2.pdf
The Model Penal Code is more lax than MO's defense of property law. MO's law requires objective reasonableness, which is judged by a reasonable person standard (finder of fact in a trial). The Model Penal Code only requires a subjective belief, which just means that the person using force to defend the property himself or herself believes that force is necessary to defend his or her property.
Really, there's not much to contend here. This is a pretty simple law. As I said in my previous posts, it entirely depends on how one interprets what happened in the video surveillance footage. Of course, the easiest way would be for the clerk to just come out and say what happened (and I realize that the owners of the store have made a vague statement through their lawyer, so we'll only have the full story if the owners / clerk are subpoenaed to testify). The law has nothing to do with authorization by the police or whether the perpetrator is a danger to any other person. Those are defense of other laws and maybe deputization regulations for your authorization by the police statement?
Anyways, hopefully this satisfied your request for an explanation of the law. If we could do it Socratically, I would, since that's how most 1Ls learn it. If you want to get into a true brain twister of a law, we can talk about the Rule Against Perpetuities in property law.